臺灣中年男性企業經理人對骨質疏鬆症的認知與骨折風險相關性調查－－先驅性研究

Association between the Knowledge of Osteoporosis and Fracture Risk in the Middle-Aged Male Managers in Taiwan -- A Pilot Study

目的：隨著台灣社會人口老化，骨質疏鬆症已是國人健康的一大威脅。雖然女性較易罹患骨質疏鬆症，但男性骨質疏鬆症死亡率明顯高於女性。因此，本研究針對台灣地區中年男性對骨質疏鬆症的認知與骨折風險相關性進行調查。方法：於2008年7月期間利用電話及網路通訊方式，針對全國300名50歲以上之男性企業經理人進行問卷訪問。問卷內容設計主要依據英國學者Kanis JA於世界衛生組織提出的10年骨折風險評估工具並計算其骨折風險程度，以評量個人對防治骨鬆症的認知與骨折風險的相關性。結果：本研究發現，中年男性之骨鬆風險因子當中，前三位分別是吸菸習慣（45%）、父母曾罹患髖部骨折（25%）和每日三單位以上飲酒（22%），35%的受訪者認為骨質疏鬆症只有停經後的婦女需要特別注意，72%認為葡萄糖胺可以治療骨質疏鬆症，91%的受訪者低估骨折致死率。疾病認知的回答正確率和未來10年內發生全身任何部位骨折（-0.120; p<0.05）及髖部骨折（-0.127; p<0.05）的風險機率皆呈現負相關。結論：本研究顯示，中年男性對於骨質疏鬆症的認知正確性嚴重不足，且對於知識認知愈不足，其10年內發生全身任何部位骨折和髖部骨折風險機率越高。建議未來對民眾的骨鬆症衛教宣導，也應加強男性族群，而非只著重於女性，藉此有助於達到全民防治骨質疏鬆症的目標。

Background: With the rapid growth of the aged population, osteoporosis is becoming an important health issue in Taiwan. Even though osteoporosis is more frequent in females, mortality due to osteoporosis is higher in males. We therefore investigated osteoporosis knowledge in middle-aged males in Taiwan. Methods: In July 2008, a total of 300 male business managers aged more than 50 years were surveyed by questionnaire over the telephone or using the internet. The framework of this questionnaire was based on the WHO fracture risk assessment tool (FRAX) proposed by Kanis JA. The 10-year risk for total and partial hip fracture was estimated by the FRAX formula for each subject. Results: The top three risk factors for osteoporosis in males were the habit of smoking (45%), history of parental hip fracture (25%), and consumption of more than three units of alcohol per day (22%). Thirty-five percent of the respondents thought that only menopausal women needed to be aware of osteoporosis, 75% thought that osteoporosis can be treated with glucosamine, and 91% of respondents underestimated the rate of mortality associated with osteoporotic fracture. The rate of correctly answered questionnaires was negatively associated with the estimated risk for total (p＜0.05) and partial hip fracture (p＜0.05). Conclusion: Taiwanese middle-age male managers have inadequate knowledge of osteoporosis. Lower osteoporosis knowledge is associated with higher estimated 10-year risk of fracture, suggesting that health education about osteoporosis can facilitate efforts to prevent and treat osteoporosis in the future.