南部兩間國軍醫院醫療工作者對預防流感之知識、態度與接種疫苗行為之探討

Health Care Workers’ Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behavior regarding the Prevention of Infl uenza in Military Hospitals

目的：流行性感冒為秋冬常見傳染病，為了降低院內感染發生，探究醫療工作者對預防流感之知識、態度與接種行為之相關因素。方法：採橫斷性研究，以問卷調查進行。對象為國軍醫院醫療工作者，發放問卷計1,000 份，有效問卷共計826 份，回收率為82.6%，以SPSS 18.0 版本進行分析。結果：知識量表得分越高者，對於預防流感的態度即越正向（p<0.001），願意接種流感疫苗者佔71.3%，且發現態度得分、過去接種經驗與接種後曾出現不適症狀等為預測接種疫苗行為之因素。結論：建議醫院應加強衛教宣導，針對不願意接種之原因與出現不適症狀者，妥適輔導，排除疑慮與不安，落實防疫工作。

Objectives: Influenza is a public health issue worldwide. Promoting influenza vaccination is an effective way to control outbreaks. We investigated health care workers’ (HCWs) knowledge and attitudes towards infl uenza prevention, and behavior regarding infl uenza immunization. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among HCWs in military hospitals. Details of the demography, past experiences of vaccination, knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors towards the prevention of influenza among participants were collected with questionnaires. We distributed 1000 questionnaires to the prospective study subjects; 826 questionnaires were completed and returned. SPSS version 18.0 was used to assess associations of interest by multiple regression analysis. Results: A positive correlation between knowledge scores of influenza and positive attitudes towards preventing influenza among HCWs was identified (p<0.001). HCWs who accepted vaccination accounted for 71.3% of the study participants. Attitude scores on infl uenza, vaccination in past years, and absence of side effects to vaccination were predictors of vaccination. Conclusions: HCWs who had higher knowledge scores and more positive attitudes towards influenza were significantly more likely to receive the vaccine. Participants who did not receive the vaccine in the past year and experienced side effects were more unwilling to be vaccinated this year. We suggest that a health educational program and other polices should focus on elucidating the effectiveness, importance, and necessity of vaccines in HCWs.