臨床護理人員接受預防下背痛衛生教育之效果評價

Assessment of Health Education Campaign for the Prevention of Lower Back Pain among Nurses

本研究目的為發展一套預防護理人員下背痛的衛生教育教學模組，並實地進行介入及評價。依據第一年調查結果，設計製作教學介入模組（含教案、錄影帶、手冊等），採準實驗設計之「實驗組對照組前測後測設計」，立意選取台北市和平、中興及仁愛三所護理人員基本資料相近之市立醫院為研究對象，分為「教學模組介入組」、「手冊介入組」及「對照組」，實驗組各進行為期三週之介入計畫，對照組則不接受任何實驗處理。以自填式結構問卷評估其成效，得有效人數共143 人（教學模組介入組44 人、手冊介入組51人、對照組48人）。研究結果顯示，兩實驗介入組皆可有效增進護理人員對預防下背痛行為「價值感」、「罹病知識」、「技能知識」，且「教學模組介入組」在增進「自我效能」、「預防行為」、降低「行動障礙」等變項上有顯著效果，顯示依此理論及架構進行介入，有其實質效益，且「教學模組介入組」的效果優於「手冊介入組」，未來除衛生教育教學模組外，可再增加醫院整體軟硬體設施改善計畫，以達雙管齊下之效。

This study aims to develop a set of education module to help nurses avoiding lower back pain (LBP), and evaluating the final results. The nonequivalent pretest-posttest control group design adopted three groups from different hospitals in Taipei. Experimental group A received a LBP prevention module and experimental group B received a LBP prevention pamphlet during a three-week intervention period, while the control group received no treatment during the same period. Pretest and posttest structured, self-reporting questionnaires are carried out to assess the effectiveness of the campaign. There were 143 valid respondents, 44 nurses from experimental group A, 51 nurses from experimental group B and 48 nurses from the control group. The main findings are as follows: 1. The two interventions using module and pamphlet resulted in significant improvement in awareness and knowledge of lower back pain. 2. The LBP prevention module significantly increased the preventive behaviors, and enhanced the awareness, self-proficiency and skills of lower back pain prevention, and decreased the perceived barriers. 3. The LBP prevention module proved to be more effective than the pamphlet intervention. It should be adopted for future workplace health promotion campaigns.