景觀化人工濕地淨化校園污水效益與公共衛生之研究

The Study of Efficiency of Campus Swage Purification and Sanitation of Scenic Constructed Wetland

校園污水已列為事業廢水之一，必須達到放流水標準始得排放。環顧國內老舊學校多以傳統化糞池來處理污水，其淨化品質堪虞。這些未經淨化完全之生活污水，逕行排入都市雨水道，沿路極易形成水媒致病菌溫床，危害居民健康。本研究以綠建築之人工濕地(Constructed wetland, CW)生態工法，作為校園污水之二級處理設施。在人工濕地部分，有機污染物去除效能在生化需氧量(BOD5)為84.2%、化學需氧量(COD)為63.4%、總懸浮固體(TSS)為77.2%、總大腸桿菌群(Total coliform, TC)，去除效率為88.1%，淨化後水質符合我國「放流水標準」。在景觀水池部分，除了將BOD5、COD、TSS 及TC進一步淨化外，可將出流水質之氫離子濃度(pH)、溶氧(DO)、氨氮(NH4-N)、總氮(TN)及總磷(TP)濃度達到「地面水體分類之丙類水質標準」、「灌溉用水水質標準」及「土壤處理標準」等三項水資源再利用法令標準。最後本研究提出BOD5、氨氮及總大腸桿菌群濃度預測公式，以作為校園設置景觀化人工濕地及水資源回收再利用參考。

The campus sewage has already been classified as one of the undertaking wastewater, and it can not be discharged unless it meets the standards. Most of the old schools in Taiwan deal with the sewage with the traditional septic tanks, the quality of the treated water is not reliable. The incompletely treated wastewater flows into city rainwater sewer will easily become as a breeding bed for aquatic medium bacteria growth and will threaten the public health. The study utilized the green building ecological engineering of constructed wetlands (CW) as a facility for secondary treatment of campus sanitary sewage. This research focuses on the removal efficiency of CW. The average removal efficiencies of constituents from wastewater are 84.2% for 5-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), 63.4% for chemical oxygen demand (COD), 77.2% for total suspended solids (TSS), and 88.1% for the total coliform (TC). The quality of the discharged water from CW meets the requirements of “The Discharge Standard”. The quality of the effluent water from scenic pond meets the requirements of “The Third Underground Water Standard”, “The Standard of Irrigated Water”, and “The Soil Treatment Standard”. The research established density prediction equation for BOD5, NH4-N, and total coliform, these can be provided as a reference for setting up scenic constructed wetland as well as for recycling water resources.