住宿建築節能設計決策模式之研究

Decision Model for Energy Conservation Design of Residential Buildings

建築節能是促進都市永續發展與提昇居住生活環境品質的最佳途徑，因此在建築設計乃至營造各階段上，如何節約能源、降低成本及提高環境品質，是每個建築從業人員的重責大任。有鑒於此，政府有關單位針對台灣新建建物，明訂出建築物外殼單位面積可容許傳透熱量標準，作為建築節能的規範，以達到節約能源的目標。但目前台灣建築界對各種建材的搭配選擇，以及如何滿足隔熱、通風、遮陽、隔音、採光與環境耗能量等居住生活品質之性能指標，在規定標準量下之核算，往往藉助建築師之經驗，缺乏一套有系統的評估方法。因此，本研究以住宿建築為研究對象，首先依據建築節能設計之原理，利用系統工程及多目標規劃的技術，建構決策模式，闡明住宿建築之開窗尺寸、建築材料、建造成本、座落方位等設計因子及隔熱、遮陽、通風、環境負荷量、採光、隔音等節能因子之間的關係；其次，利用二階段式模糊解法，尋求一組建築節能設計的非劣解。最後以台中市某住宅大廈為例，進行實證研究，供設計者參考。

Although construction work provides living and working factitities and is a major factor of production, it plays a central role in energy consumption of this country. It is estimated that the construction work consumes one thirds of the nations energy. The reduction of energy consumption is of the greatest important to the efficiency of the national economy. The construction of residential building accounts for about 11 percent of all energy expenditure of the nation. Any significant reduction in the energy expenditure of residential building would have a desirable effect on the sustainable development of national economy. The energy conservation design of residential building is affected by a number of factors. The main purpose of this study is to formulate a decision model by combining principles of architectural physics and techniques of multiobjective programming to assist the comparative evaluation of residential building from the point of view of energy use. This is followed by a case study of an apartment to illustrate the feasibility of the model.