住宅生活模式與耗電特性解析

Living Behavior and Electrical Consumption for Residential Buildings

本研究針對台灣地區公寓式與透天式住宅進行耗電量解析，透過實地調查統計住宅規模、家庭人口、家電普及率以及生活模式等住宅因子，並對各項家電設備進行電力監測。上述住宅因子與耗電量交叉分析後發現並無明顯相關性，但與民眾的使用行為有關。平均透天式住宅全年耗電量為公寓式的1.55倍，而中南部的住宅單位面積耗電密度為北部的1.43~1.66倍。同時透過逐時耗電量的統計獲得民眾使用行為與住宅耗電特性間的關係，發現住宅尖峰耗電時問明顯集中在晚上6:00至隔日凌晨2：00間，這期間消耗的電力約佔全日耗電量的48.7%。在全年耗電結構方面，以家電設備的耗電量佔全戶耗電的50.7%為最高；且廚房擁高瓦數烹飪調理設備，平均密度高達201.00(w/m2)是住宅中最耗能的房間；同時老舊效率差的家電設備也是導致住宅耗電偏高的原因之一，淘汰老舊效率差的家電改採高效率省電的設備，並配合良好的生活習慣，是住宅節約能源的重要對策。

This research intends to investigate the apartment houses’ and row houses’ energy consumption. Through on-site electrical survey and household property data investigation, we can draw to a conclusion that living behavior is the most important factor in the residential buildings electrical consumption. The electrical consumption of the row houses is around 1.55 times than that of the apartment houses. The peak electrical consumption between 6:00pm~2:00am consumes uses 48.7% electricity in a day. On average, house hold appliances consume 50.7% electricity in whole year, and the kitchen space is the most electric consuming room because it has high power cooking appliances. We may note that the poor appliances lead to the more electrical waste, therefore using high efficiency appliances and having a good living behavior are the most important strategies for energy saving of residential buildings.