春秋秦與諸國之聯姻述論

The Exposition on Qin and Feudal Lords Marrying during the Spring and Autumn Period

俗諺締結「秦晉之匹」或「秦晉之好」，乃春秋時代最具代表性的政治聯姻。當時秦、晉接壤為鄰，雙方競相爭霸。兩國聯姻雖稱是「秦晉之好」，實乃各暗懷鬼蜮另有盤算。彼此表面上以政治聯姻強化雙邊關係，實際上雙方無非經由婚姻攀緣，以期直達姻親的權力核心，藉此開發各自國家的多元效益。而秦、晉聯姻所致的雙邊效益，對春秋政治生態造成極大影響。本文試圖探討春秋時代，除了晉國之外，秦是否也曾與周王室有聯姻關係？另秦、魯之聯姻，本文推斷可能在魯隱公在位期間。又《史記•秦本紀》載述秦憲公娶魯姬子生下武公、德公，而出子之生母或即「秦子簋蓋」和「秦武公鐘」等銘文中的「秦姬子」，恐非魯姬子。至於「秦姬子」是否即周王室宗女？亦值得再三商榷。又秦景公將秦嬴遠嫁楚共王，其目的無非藉聯楚以抑晉。而後楚昭王因母國秦之適時兵援，化解吳滅國之危機，此乃典型的聯姻政策下所發揮的功能效益。

As an old saying puts it, ”Qin matched up to un ”or” Qin united with Jin by marriage was the happy fate which brought good works together. ”That was the most representative political through marriage during the spring and autumn period. At that time, the Qin, Jin, the two neighbors contended for hegemony. Although the Qin, Jin, connected by marriage was said ”Qin united with Jin by marriage was the happy fate which brought good works together. ” but they were each with their own axe to grind and arranged another plans. Each other on the surface to political marriage for strengthening the bilateral relationship, in fact two sides all expected through marriage climbing to the power core from the relations by affinity. And they took this development the multiple benefits of respective countries, thus freeing the preemptive to capture the hegemony. But Qin, the 3m married the result bilateral benefit, had the enormous influence to the Spring and Autumn Period politics ecology. This article attempted to discuss the Spring and Autumn Period, Qin besides the 3m, Whether also once to have with Zhou King married the relations? Mother Qin and Lu marrying possibly were in Lu Yingong reigning period. ”Shihchi •Qin Ben Ji” recorded Qin Xiangong to marry Lu Jizi and give birth to Wu Gong, De Gong, But had the mother of Chu to fear non-Lu Jizi. His mother maybe was namely ”Qin Zigui Lid” and ”Qin Wugong Zheng” and so on engraved inscriptions ”Qin Jizi”. But ”Qin Jizi” whether was Zhou King the female? It was also worth discussing again. Marrying Qin Ying with Chu by Qin Jinggong, nothing but united Chu Gongwang to suppress Jin. But Chu Zhaowang because of motherland Qin at the right moment the soldier help, melted by the Wu crisis, this was typical the function benefit which married under the policy to display.