四十歲以上民眾使用健康檢查行為及其相關影響因素之探討

A Study on the Physical Examination Behavior of Taiwanese Residences Aged 40 Years Old and over

隨著經濟的發展、公共衛生的加強與醫療科技的進步，台灣民眾的平均壽命已有明顯的增加，但疾病型態卻明顯轉變為慢性疾病。健康檢查可使自己了解健康狀況同時也是最重要的慢性疾病管理方式，目前全民健康保險已將健康檢查列入其支付項目，希望藉此提升健康檢查的使用比例以促進國人的健康。本研究藉由國民健康局於民國90年完成之「國民健康訪問調查」之資料，針對40歲以上民眾利用預防保健服務的狀況進行分析，利用描述統計、卡方檢定與邏輯式迴歸分析，以瞭解目前國人健康檢查的利用情形，並探討影響使用健康檢查行為的相關因素。分析結果顯示40歲以上民眾使用健康檢查的比例只有21.2%，其支付型態以全民健保給付為主，山地地區民眾使用健康檢查之比例較高，65以上老人使用健康檢查的比較40至64歲的壯年人高。有運動者、有接受預防注射者、宗教信仰為燒香拜拜（民間信仰）或基督教信仰者較無信仰者傾向利用健康檢查行為，而國小、高中學歷者則較不識字者傾向不利用健康檢查。研究結果可提供相關衛生單位推動健康檢查政策之參考。

Taiwanese Life expectancy has significantly increased because of the progress in economics, public health and medical technology, but types of diseases become chronic. Physical examinations can help us to understand our health conditions and play an important role on management of chronic diseases. The disbursement of physical examinations has included in National Health Insurance to promote health of Taiwanese residences. In this study, we use the data of ”National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), 2001” 10 investigate physical examination behaviors of residences that were 40 years old and over. Data was analyzed by descriptive statistics, χ^2 test and logistic regression to explore affective factors. Results showed that only 21.2% of subjects use the physical examination service, the disbursement of the service was mostly from National Health Insurance and residences in mountain areas had the higher utilization rate of physical examination. Residences aged 65 years old and over did more physical examination behaviors than those aged from 40 to 64. Residences who had regular exercises, had preventive injection, believed in Sinicism and Jesus Christ were more likely to do physical examinations. Residences with education levels of elementary school and high school were more unlikely to do physical examinations. Results of this study can provide information for health organizations to promote preventive behaviors.