都市休閒專用區空間外部性之潛在觀光衝擊－－以臺中市楓樹社區為例

Examining Potential Tourism Impacts of Spatial Externality in Urban Commercial Recreation Zone-A Case of Maple Community, Taichung City

由於對都市經濟成長與現實利益的追求，許多都市在發展時採用各種型態的策略與規劃，尋求都市中觀光。休閒及娛樂產業的發展。2006年底台中市政府以迎接高速鐵路時代為由，於短期內採取山上而下式決策，設置「都市計畫休閒專用區」。本文經由對該案例都市計畫程序與內容之觀察，認為該案例所採取之短期強效手段，相對缺乏整體性與互動性的政策基礎，忽略部分應有之規劃思考與行動程序，其中包含了對空間外部性衝擊課題的分析、探討與解決。本文擬自空間外部性觀點，探討其觀光發展所衍生的潛在影響及其原因。包括初步檢驗休閒專用區外在居民的空間外部性潛在觀光衝擊認知，更深遠者及後續探討則是了解空間外部性對於休閒專用區的影響，包括上地使用與空間轉變、社區聚落發展、經濟產業活動影響。本研究結果發現，居民對於週遭二項重大開發計畫（「高鐵台中車站核心地區」開賽計畫、「台中市都市計畫休閒專區」開發計畫）可能發生潛在衝擊的認知中，最同意環境生態而的影響，其次為經濟而，以及在社會文化面。說明居民認為環境生態是最可能影響楓樹社區的潛在外部性觀光衝擊來源。另對於該社區居民的潛在影響程度認知上，整體認為經濟面的影響較高，其次為環境生態面的影響。本文並進行正面與負面衝擊影響比較，並針對於該二處開發計畫的空間外部性之觀光衝擊進行差異分析，發現該社區居民認為「高鐵台中車站核心地區」開發計畫所帶動的正面效應相對較高，而「台中市都市計畫休閒專用區」則對於該社區整體觀光衝擊較大。

Because the growing up of city's economy, a lot of cities adopts the various kinds of tactics and plans, seek tourism and recreation industries development in the city. Especially, tourism-related industries and investors are fond of government which is offered and combined relevant resources to guide industry strongly development and build positive marketing strategies. The Taichung City government adopts the decision from top to bottom of the one-way type in a short time on the era of high-speed railway at the end of 2006. They select site in the southwest edge zone and set up policy to plan draft nearly 150 hectares of land changes of farming region and develop for the new urban area relying mainly on commercial recreation and consumption service. This paper is via urban planning to observe the procedure, the content and relevant documents to analyze the short-term strong means to find its lacks integrity and interaction policy foundation, and has neglected to think deeply with the action procedure, include analysis on spatial externality impact. This paper is to explore the case from tourism impacts of spatial externality view. The study purposes are below. First, the authors are to examine the residents' perception of tourism impacts of spatial externality in the urban commercial recreation zone. Second, the authors are to analyze the spatial externality influence in the urban commercial recreation zone, including land utilization, the community development and economic industry activity influence. This result of study finds that residents firstly agree on the influence of potentially environmental impacts. secondly it is the economic impacts, and in socio-cultural impacts. Prose that residents think potentially economic impacts are the most possible to influence Maple community. Under the state of influence to this area, the potential economic impacts influence degree is relatively high; secondly it is the environmental impacts, and in socio-culture impacts. Residents think the development of the commercial recreation zone will come as to community's economic effect are relatively serious. It comparing with the positive and negative in this research, and to analysis the tourism impacts of spatial externality in 'Taichung station of High Speed Rail Area' and 'Urban Commercial Recreation Zone in Taichung City'. It finds the positive impacts are high and 'Urban Commercial Recreation Zone in Taichung City' influences heavier.