大學生終極關懷、因應行為與憂鬱傾向之關係研究

Relationships of Ultimate Concerns, Coping Behaviors, and Depression Tendency in the University Students

本研究旨在了解大學生終極關懷、因應行為與憂鬱傾向之關係，採問卷調查法，抽取臺灣地區北、中、南、東四個區域，696名就讀公私立大學學生為研究對象。研究工具包含個人基本資料、憂鬱傾向量表、終極關懷量表與因應行為量表，所得結果以單因子多變項變異數分析、典型相關與多元迴歸等統計方法加以分析。
研究結果發現，國內大學生具有些微憂鬱傾向。就性別而言，男、女大學生僅因應行為變項有顯著差異。而大學類型會影響憂鬱傾向、終極關懷與因應行為。終極關懷、因應行為與憂鬱傾向間有顯著的典型相關存在。終極關懷與因應行為兩者皆能預測憂鬱傾向，其中又以終極關懷比因應行為更能預測憂鬱傾向。終極關懷的「死亡」、「孤獨」、「無意義」三個層面和因應行為的「固著因應」層面可以有效預測憂鬱傾向。

This study aimed to explore the relationships of ultimate concerns, coping behavior, and depression tendency in Taiwanese university students. A survey of questionnaire package was conducted on a stratified sample of 696 students from national and private universities in northern, central, southern and eastern Taiwan. The research package included personal demographic list, Depression Tendency Scale, Ultimate Concerns Scale and Coping Behavior Scale. The outcome was analyzed by One-way ANONA, MANOVA, Pearson’s product-moment correlation, Canonical correlation, and multiple regression analysis.
The results of this study indicated that nationwide university students had some degrees of depression tendency. Regarding the gender factor, the coping behavior between male and female students has a significant difference. There were high correlations among ultimate concerns, coping behavior, and depression tendency. Depression tendency could be predicted by ultimate concerns and coping behavior; however, the former was easier to predict the depression tendency than the latter. The best predictors of depression tendency are the three factors of death, isolation, and meaninglessness in ultimate concerns and the factor of proactive coping in coping behavior.