論知識產權的合理性問題－－一種法理學形式上的分析

本文以對現在論述知識產權合理性問題的主流觀點的批判為形式，分析了勞動財產論、科技發展論在解釋知識產權合理性和發展過程問題中存在的缺陷。本文認為，在我們承認資本和市場經濟合理性的前提下，知識產權的合理性在於資本對於壟斷利潤的追逐。承認這一點，是基於對知識產權發展歷程的分析以及市場經濟模式下知識作為商品運轉的過程的分析。同樣基於這一分析，本文指出了發展中國家在引進知識產權制度時面臨的兩難困境。同時，本文指出，特權這一封建法權在知識產權制度的形成過程中起到了不可替代的作用，但封建特權如果缺乏市場經濟模式的沖擊，並不必然轉化為現代知識產權法律制度。

Through a critique of current mainstream theories on the justification of Intellectual Property, this article analyzes the shortcomings of Locke’s labor theory and Science and Technology Development Theory in explaining the justification and development of Intellectual Property. The author believes that, under the assumption that Capital and market economy are justifiable, the justification of Intellectual Property lies in the desire of Capital to use Intellectual Property in extracting the profits of monopoly. Such belief is based on the examination of the development history of Intellectual Property as well as the way that Intellectual Property operates as commerce under market economy. Based on the same analysis, the article points out the dilemmas faced by the developing countries in establishing an Intellectual Property system. The author also studies the history of Intellectual Property in China and concludes that although privileges played an indispensable role in the development of an Intellectual Property system, without market economy, such Privileges would not necessarily lead to a modern Intellectual Property system.