合同法中的保密利益

全部期待利益的賠償一貫被認為是一種較好的違約救濟方式，但本文作者提出了保密利益的概念，並以其來證明當事人為獲得期待賠償所需對信息的披露有害於他的保密利益，並會直接影響他的起訴威脅的可信性。對保密利益的考慮說明期待賠償並不總是能滿足當事人利益的賠償標準。文章詳細地介紹了保密利益的概念，指出保密利益與通常考慮到的補償利益之間的緊張關系，並區分了主觀和客觀兩類賠償標準對保密利益的不同影響。文章進一步討論了保密利益在分析各種與違約賠償有關的制度，如約定賠償金、代替購買、減少損失等是否可取時產生的影響，尤其對商法典修改提案中新的賠償序列以及對實際損失的普遍要求提出了批評。文章還討論了司法程序對保密利益的影響，認為應該同時修改實體法與程序法以保護當事人日益重要的保密利益。文章的結論是如果法典對保密利益加以考慮的話，補償利益的目標也能得到更好的實現。

Fully compensatory expectation damages are a well-established desirable remedy for breach of contact. But authors of this essay put out the “secrecy interest” concept, by which they demonstrate the needed disclosure of Information to establish the magnitude of expectation damages may harm the secrecy interests of the party and may make his threat to sue incredible. Thus taking secrecy interests into account suggests that expectation measure is not so desirable as the existing literature assumes. This essay develops the concept of “secrecy interest”in detail, explores the tension between secrecy interest and compensatory interest and considers the different effects of subjective and objective damages measure on secrecy interest. The essay further discusses how recognizing secrecy interest will change the analysis of the desirability of various damages doctrines, such as liquidated damages, cover and mitigation, etc. In particular, the essay criticizes the new remedial hierarchy and the wide availability of the actual-loss cap in the new proposed Code. The essay also explores the implications of free adjudicative procedures for secrecy interest protection, and suggests that both the substantive law and procedural law should be amended to protect the more and more important secrecy interest of parties. The essay concludes that the Code’s stated goal of protecting the compensatory interest might be better served if the law were structured to take the secrecy interest into account.