韓國眼中的臺灣意象──韓國中學社會領域教科書與《朝鮮日報》的分析與反思

Korea’s Impression of Taiwan: A Study on High School Social Studies Textbooks and The Chosunilbo Daily Newspaper in Korea

本文探討臺灣在交流國眼中的樣貌，以韓國為對象，採內容分析法，分析韓國媒體《朝鮮日報》2000~2013年間臺灣相關報導，及中學社會領域教科書，分析潛藏的臺灣意象，以瞭解與省思臺灣在主體性與他者化間的辯證處境，及所面臨的偏見。研究發現：一、主題方面，教科書與《朝鮮日報》都重視臺灣民主政治發展與兩岸政治議題；教科書偏重歷史，《朝鮮日報》偏重產業。二、他者與偏見論述類目方面，教科書立場較為平衡，正向比例稍高；《朝鮮日報》負向類目高於正向與中立比例。三、兩者都偏重對臺灣特定面向的介紹，呈現斷裂形象。本研究建議：一、反思性改變歷程與跨文化互為理解的必要性；二、國家意象印象整飭、跨文化傳播與國家／人民之改變的必要性；三、教科書共構的視野交融願景；四、參考韓國教科書中心之經驗；五、臺灣教科書與媒體的檢視。

Due to Taiwan’s marginalization, the distorted impression many countries have of it, and hopes to enhance mutual understanding between Taiwan and the rest of the world, this article aims to explore and compare impressions of Taiwan as expressed by Korea’s high school social studies textbooks and the Chosunilbo daily newspaper. The findings of the study can help us better understand and reflect on Taiwan’s dialectical impression between subjective status and othering from a Korean perspective, as well as any bias toward Taiwan and propose recommendations to facilitate cross-cultural understanding and reflective dialogue. The findings are as follows: 1. In terms of subjects, the textbooks and media both focus on the development of democracy and political issues. The difference is that textbooks focus on historical events and the media on industry. 2. In terms of discourse analysis, the position of textbooks tends to be relatively free of values, but the media shows a comparatively negative position. 3. The qualitative analysis shows a fragmented and specific-dimensioned impression of Taiwan. This paper recommends recognizing the importance of reflective progress process of our country and cross-cultural understanding, the necessity of national branding in image management, conducting cross-cultural combination of textbooks, studying the experience of Korea’s textbook bureau, and implementing textbook reviews.