論標准必要專利訴訟的”公平、合理、無歧視”許可－－內函、費率與適用

On the FRAND License of Standards Essential Patent Litigation: The Connotation, Royalty Rates and Application

”公平、合理、無歧視”許可，又稱FRAND許可，是標准必要專利權人不得拒絕許可，且許可費率不得高於該專利被納入標准之前、有替代技術與之相競爭時的許可費率：對沒有競爭關係的產品，可以適用不同的許可費率。許可費率的計算，即要確保專利權人繼續參與標准的制定，又要確保標準實施者能夠使用該標准。

FRAND（Fair, Reasonable, and Non-discriminatory）license of standards-essential patent（SEP）means that licensor cannot refuse permission firstly; secondly，the royalty rates of the SEP cannot exceed the royalty before the patent is incorporated into the standards, and the royalty which has been competing with alternative technologies; thirdly, the non-competing products can apply different royalty rates. The royalty rates of SEP should ensure the patent holder's continuing participation in standard setting, and ensure the implementers' implementing of the standard as well. In the judicial application, “ permanent injunction'and“temporary ban” should not be used in SEP infringement proceedings; and FRAND Licensing should be coincided with the rules of compulsory licensing and operators' abuse of market dominance relationships in a future legislative or judicial interpretation, and be restrained by duty rules.