論中止自動性判斷的規範主觀說

On The Norm Subjective Theoryupon Judging Automatic Suspension

對於中止犯的減免處罰根據，應當併合考慮責任減少和刑事政策，即在行為人基於己意放棄犯罪或者防止結果發生的場合，因為其責任減少，且從刑罰目的角度看預防必要性降低，對其就應予以獎勵，這是“基於刑罰目的的責任減少說”。相比客觀說和限定主觀說，主觀說更為合理。主觀說不是倫理動機上的悔悟或規範意識覺醒，也不是我國學者所通常理解的心理學上的行為人認識，而必須被規範地理解。因此，在我國刑法學中提倡中止自動性判斷的“規範主觀說”就是必要的，即行為人內心放棄犯罪的“反常”意思決斷能夠被規範地評價為心態逆轉，且有助於實現特別預防及一般預防目的時，才能認定其具有自動性。中止自動性判斷從心理學主觀說轉向規範主觀說，有可能使中止犯的成立範圍受到限縮，但有利於實現積極的一般預防和特別預防的刑罰目的，保持責任論和刑罰論的一體性，也更符合體系思考的刑法方法論。

Regarding the foundation of penalty mitigation or exemption of discontinued criminals, both liability reduction and criminal policy should be taken into account. Such as on the occasion of a feasor voluntarily giving up committing a crime or preventing the result from happening, because of the reduction of his liabilities, and reduction of necessity of prevention from penalty purpose point of view, the feasor should be rewarded ,which is known as 'the responsibility reduction theory based on the penalty purpose'. The foundation of mitigation or exemption of discontinued criminals constrains arbitrary judgments. Comparing to the objective theory and the limitative subjective theory, the subjective theory on suspension automaticity is relatively more reasonable. The subjective theory is about neither ethical motivation regret, normative consciousness awakening, nor the feasor's psychological cognition as understood by some domestic scholars. However, it should be understood normatively. Therefore, it is necessary to encourage the application of the 'norm subjective theory' to suspension automaticity in criminal jurisprudence of our country. Such as when a feasor gives up criminal activities on his own, which is an 'abnormal' decision, the feasor should be normatively deemed as mentality reversal, and should be defined as having automaticity when the decision making contributes to realizing special prevention and general prevention purposes. Changing from the psychological subjective theory to norm subjective theory of suspension automaticity judgment may limit the scope of discontinued criminal commitment. However, it is more conducive to the realization of positive general prevention and special prevention of criminal penalty purposes. Furthermore, it helps maintain the integrity of responsibility theory and penalty theory in accordance with systematic thinking of criminal law methodology.