提升人力資本以強化國際競爭力的新移民子女教育政策之探討

Education Policies for Children of New Immigrants Formulated for Increasing Human Capital and Strengthening International Competitiveness

世界經濟體系下，國家競爭力有賴國民具高度的多元文化能力，以能與眾多不同文化體系交往。隨著南洋籍婚姻移民數量的增多，及新移民子女步入學校接受教育，臺灣原有進一步發展具多元化特徵社會的機會，然而臺灣社會卻普遍將之視為文化低劣者，進而將新移民子女學業不佳原因，歸諸於資質不佳及母職功能的欠缺，而忽略了此些家庭所處的文化社會結構因素限制，亦未能體察所可能具有的學習優勢。基於上述體認，本文藉由問卷調查法及焦點座談法，用以了解教師、新移民家庭對新移民學童學業狀況的看法，包括「對新移民子女學習與生活表現之認知」、「對影響新移民子女學業表現的成因之認知」，以及「對新移民子女獨特優勢條件之認知」等層面，以了解新移民子女面臨的學習困境及可能的潛在學習優勢，再依據研究結論，提出相關教育政策建議，期能提升其學習成效，進而強化台灣的人力資本，以提升我國在全球化經濟體系中的國際競爭力。

In international economics， national competitiveness requires a high level of multicultural awareness when trading with different cultural systems. Many people living in Southeast Asia immigrate to Taiwan for marriage， and there has been a steady increase in the number of new-immigrant children entering the local education system. Despite Taiwan’s development into a culturally diverse society， new immigrants and their children are widely regarded as a secondary cultural group. Consequently， the poor academic performance ofnew-immigrant children is often attributed to their low level of intelligence and inadequate maternal parenting. Taiwanese society often overlooks the sociocultural factors imposed on these families， thereby failing to recognize the potential learning advantages of these children. In this study， questionnaire survey and focus group methods were adopted to elicit the opinions of teachers and new-immigrant families regarding the academic performance of the new-immigrant children. The assessments investigated cognitive dimensions of learning and living performance， causes affecting academic performance， and the unique advantages associated with being a child of new-immigrant parents. The assessments were aimed at determining the learning difficulties faced by such children， as well as the potential learning advantages they possess. Based on the research findings， this article offers relevant education policy suggestions for augmenting the learning effectiveness of new-immigrant children， which would increase the value of Taiwan’s human capital and elevate the country’s international competitiveness in the global economy.