應用計劃行為理論與健康信念模式分析－－影響某工專學生騎機車戴安全帽行為的因素

Applying the Theory of Planned Behavior and the Health Belief Model Tomotorcycle-Safety Helmet Using Behavior of Male Students in a Junior College

本研究以計劃行為理論與健康信念模式為研究架構，探討研究對象騎機車戴安全帽的行為、行為意圖及其相關因素。以248位就讀某工專的騎機車男生為研究對象，收集本研究所需之相關資料。分析發現本研究受試者的騎機車戴安全帽行為方面，以從不戴者最多；行為意圖上也以偏向不可能者居多；行為與行為意圖間的相關達 .69(p< .001)。迴歸分析後得知：態度、主觀規範、知覺行為控制能共同解釋行為意圖51％的變異量，但是，主觀規範的作用不明顯；罹患性認知、嚴重性認知、有效性認知及障礙性認知可以共同解釋行為意圖15％的變異量，但是，僅嚴重性認知及障礙性認知的影響力達顯著水準。同時也比較有、無意圖者在各信念方面的差異，提供設計機車交通安全教育策略時的參考。最後，對未來運用計劃行為理論及健康信念模式的相關研究提出建議。

The purpose of This study was to predict and understand the male students' intention and behavior to use motorcycle-safety helmet on the basis of the Theory of Planned Behavior and the Health Belief Model. Data were collected during questionnaire surveys on a cluster sample of 248 male students who operate motorcycles in a junior college. The analysis revealed that each model was a significant predictor of intention. The relation between behavior and intention was .69. Regression analysis to predict intention from the Theory of Planned Behavior and the Health Belief Model accounted for a significant proportion of the variance (R tpb= .51; R hbm = .15), These regression models suggested that educators who effected a change in attitudes, perceived behavioral control, perceived severity and perceived barriers of action may also change behavioral intention. Meanwhile, the suggestion of developing traffic-safety education was shown by comparing the differences on specific beliefs between intentional and non-intentional students.