應用跨理論模式於大學女生身體活動之研究－－改變階段模式之效度

Applying the Transtheoretical Model to Physical Activity in College Female Students: Validation of Stages of Change Model

本研究之目的旨在驗證跨理論模式中之改變階段模式應用到身體活動時，能否區別不同運動階段之研究對象其身體活動量之差異。研究對象係以國內大學女生73名經簽署同意書之大學女生自願者為對象（平均年齡21.51歲，標準差1.25歲），在填寫由Marcus and Simkin (1993) 所發展之運動階段量表後，復經研究者加以確認其所屬之運動階段（無意圖期、意圖期、準備期、運動期、維持期）。每位研究對象均配戴TriTrac-R3D三度空間加速器連續一週，以每分鐘記錄三度空間最大向量及身體活動量作為分析之數據。研究結果顯示研究對象平均每天之身體活動量為1811.95 kcal，標準差為175.31 kcal（無意圖期 1731.49 kcal±138.13 kcal；意圖期 1732.42 kcal±139.63 kcal；準備期 1761.32 kcal±94.39 kcal；行動期 1977.32 kcal± 189.21 kcal；維持期 1909.28 kcal±174.76 kcal)。以單因子變異數分析(one-way ANOVA)及薛費氏事後考驗(Scheffe's Post Hoc)分析 結果，證實跨理論模式中之改變階段模式具有良好之效度，可區別不同運動階段之研究對象其身體活動量之差異（F (4,68) =7.99, P< .001, partial η=.32)。經此驗證結果，改變階段模式可用於身體活動有關之健康科學或運動科學領域之研究。

The purpose of this research was to examine the validity of the Stages of Change Model in physical activity. 73 female college students ( mean age 21.51±1.25) were recruited to join this research and completed Exercise Stage instrument created by Marcus and Simkin ( 1993). According to this self-reported instrument and rechecked by researcher, the stage of physical activity (one of the precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action and maintenance stage) then to be determined. The subjects were told to wear the TriTrac-R3D accelerometer in the waist side for 7 days, and was recorded the physical activity and the magnitude vector every one-minute with consent form. One-way ANOVA & Scheffe's Post Hoc were used to assess the validity of the staging algorithm. The results revealed that the daily average physical activity was 1811.95 kcal with standard deviation 175.31 kcal (while the subjects of precontemplation stage: 1731.49 kcal±138.13 kcal; contemplation stage: 1732.42 kcal±l39.63 kcal; preparation stage: 1761.32 kca±l94.39 kcal; action stage: 1977.32 kcal±189.21 kcal; maintenance stage: 1909.28 kcal± 174.76 kcal). The difference of physical activity was found and verified across the stage of change ( F(4,68) =7.99, P< .001, partial = η.32). Thus the Stage of Change Model can be used extensively in the further research on health science or sports science related to physical activity.