教保人員對幼兒創傷出血的急救知識、態度與施救行為研究

A study on preschool caregivers' first-aid knowledge, attitude, and behavior toward children's trauma

本研究旨在分析教保人員對幼兒創傷出血的急救知識、態度與施救行為。研究對象為民國八十七年七月至八十八年六月服務於台南、高雄、屏東等六縣市的現職教保人員。本研究採立意取樣，同時進行問卷調查與模擬情境的創傷出血施救行為分析，共得118份有效問卷，主要研究結果如下：一、研究對象多為女性，平均年齡為29.31歲，平均年資為6年，領有急救合格證書的百分比只有7.6％。有關幼兒事故傷害的處理經驗以1～5次為最多，而96.6％的研究對象有學習創傷出血急救的需求，且最期待的學習方式是實務演練課程。二、研究對象的幼兒創傷出血急救知識平均得分為64分，其中幼兒急救基本原則、撕裂傷、咬傷及刺傷的處理知識有待加強。迴歸分析結果顯示，領有合格急救員證書、對自己處理幼兒事故傷害經驗感到非常滿意、負責照顧的班級人數在15人以下，以及教育程度為大學畢業者其急救知識得分較高。研究對象皆有高度正向的急救態度，且幼兒事故傷害處理經驗愈多者，態度愈正向。三、研究發現教保人員的創傷出血施救行為平均得分偏低只有21分，在四項的急救重點中『安全救援』與『預防休克』行為表現較佳，但『緊急止血』與『擦傷處理』表現並不理想。而創傷急救行為與知識、態度並無相關。迴歸分析顯示，幼保科系畢業者、處理幼兒事故傷害經驗在1～5次的教保人員其施救行為得分較低。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the preschool caregivers' first-aid knowledge, attitude and skills when dealing with children's trauma happened in daycare centers. By using purposive sampling, the samples were chosen from preschool daycare centers which all located in south Taiwan. Both questionnaire and interview were used as the main techniques for collecting data. One hundred eighteen questionnaires are effective. The results showed that: 1. The average age of caregivers is 29.31 years. Their professional work age is about six years. Only 7.6% respondents had gained the first-aid diploma. 2. The samples gained averagely 64 points on the first-aid knowledge for children's trauma. The results from regression analysis show that who gained a diploma, felt satisfied with their experiences, had class members less than 15, and got bachelor diploma from university had higher scores for first-aid knowledge. Most respondents had positive attitudes toward first aid. 3. The respondents gained 21 points on children's trauma first-aid behaviors. Especially, they got lower scores on the『emergent homeostasis』and『abrasion wound dealing』.The results from regression analysis show that caregiver who graduated from early childhood and nursery major and had first-aid experiences less than six times had lower points.