成功社區老年民眾參與衛生教育活動之動機與障礙因素探討

Factors of Motivating and Deterrent of elder participating in Health Education in Chernggung Block

本研究之目的在瞭解台北市成功社區老年民眾參與衛生教育活動之動機與障礙 因素，並進而分析影響參與動機、參與障礙及參與意願的因素。以隨機抽樣方式抽取樣本，並以訪視問卷收集資料，共得162份問卷，以描述性統計、因素分析、迴歸分析、邏輯迴歸分析進行資料分析。重要結果如下：一、研究對象參與動機因素為「求知興趣」、「外在誘因」、「社交接觸」、「外界期望」、「自我實現」、「社會服務」、「逃避／刺激」及「提升生活」。二、研究對象參與障礙因素為「資訊傳播障礙」、「體力障礙」、「時間障礙」、「缺乏相關課題」、「心理障礙」、「個人主觀因素」、「工具性障礙」及「支持性障礙」。三、「年齡」是影響參與動機最主要的因素。「性別」是影響參與障礙的主要因 素。「性別」、「婚姻狀況」、「求知興趣」、「提升生活」、「體力障礙 」是影響民眾參與意願的重要因素。四、個人特質、參與動機、參與障礙對參與意願的正確預測力為75.2％。五、「求知興趣」、「社會服務」是主要的參與動機。「資訊傳播障礙」、「缺乏相關課程」是主要的參與礙障，「外在誘因」並非主要的參與動機。建議實務工作者應加強宣導活動，針對民眾需求，安排合適的課程，以建立其健康的生活。

The purpose of the study was to explore the motivational and deterrent factors of the elder adults participating in health education activities in Chernggung block. By using random sampling method, 162 respondents (30% response rate) was effect. Factor analysis, regression and logestic regression were used to analyze the data. The results indicated that: (1) Eight motivational factors and eight deterrent factors were identified. (2) There were significant relationships between the demographic data of the elder adults with the motivational and deterrent factors in participating health education activities. (3) The demographic data of the edler adults, motivational factors and deterrent factors influenced on the participating willing. All of them had 75.2% correct predictable rate in the participating willing. It is the elementary results to know why elder adults participate and non-participate in health education activities. The results of this study suggest the health educators must know more about the elder adults needs when they provide the health education to the elder adults.