運用層級程序分析法探討社會企業組織能耐之研究

Applying AHP to Investigate the Organizational Capability of Social Enterprise

社會企業雖是社會公益的承載者，惟其為追求永續經營，仍須進入完全競爭市場，接受市場機制嚴峻的考驗。然諸多研究顯示，社會企業為完成其所定之社會目的，其產能係呈低經濟利益態樣，即其收益常不足支應其為達成社會目的所須之支出，而形成一經濟利益被社會目的耗損的缺口。本研究認為社會企業組織能耐，適足以填補此一經濟利益被耗損的缺口。本研究以層級結構建立本土之社會企業組織能耐模型，分析各項社會企業組織能耐之權重，實證以提供社會企業之組織能耐之量化指標，其對社會企業之組織能耐之探討，係藉由文獻整理萃取出16 項社會企業組織要素，據以結構化為5 個組織能耐構面；並以層級程序分析法(AHP)建構社會企業組織能耐模型；期使本土性社會企業能藉以有效地評估其組織能耐之優劣，以為制定策略與修正經營方向之參考，提升其組織競爭力。

Researches reveal that the capacity of social enterprise has behaved in low economic benefits appearance on its path to accomplish the social goals. That is, the revenue of social enterprise is insufficient to cope with the essential disbursement to achieve the social goals, which comes into a consume gap of economic benefit by social goals. This study presumed the organizational capability of social enterprise can fill the gap. The research method could be discussed in three stages. This study first extracts 16 organization elements of social enterprise based on literature review, which are then grouped into 5 constructs of organizational capability. Second, this study empirically verifies the proposed organizational structure of social enterprise, and tests its conformity in describing the operation and management pattern of local social enterprise. Third, this study proposes a model of organizational capability of social enterprise via AHP. Hopefully, the findings of this study could be beneficial in evaluating organizational capability of local social enterprise, further providing a reference for strategy setup and adjustment of operation direction. Finally, the contribution of this study could be helpful in upgrading the organizational competitiveness of social enterprise.