應徵者印象管理戰術與面試官評價：面試官作筆記行為的干擾效果

Applicant Impression Management Tactics and Interviewer Decision: The Moderating Role of Interviewer Note-Taking Behavior

過去研究普遍證實應徵者印象管理戰術，會影響到面試官對應徵者的評分。本研究在真實面談情境下，探討面試官的作筆記行為與內容對印象管理戰術效應的干擾效果。在針對38家公司的102位面試官與180位應徵者所收集的資料，分析結果部份地支持本研究所提之假設，亦即面試官作筆記的行為，會降低應徵者非語言戰術對面試官評價的影響；此外，關於筆記內容的部份，判斷式筆記會降低非語言戰術的效應，以及增強他人導向印象管理戰術帶來的正向效果；而行為式筆記會增強他人導向式戰術的效應。在實務建議上，面試官可利用本研究發現，以記錄判斷式筆記的方式，來避免自己受到應徵者印象管理戰術的影響，以增加自己在評分時的正確性，進而提升面試的效度。

Impression management has been defined as attempts to control images in social interactions. Past research has found that applicants’ uses of impression management tactics positively influence interviewer evaluations of the applicants. This study extends previous research by examining the moderating roles of note-taking behavior and content of notes in real employment interviews for actual job openings. Results from 102 interviewers and 180 applicants of 38 firms partially supported our hypotheses and showed that when the interviewer took notes to a high extent during the interview, the effect of applicant nonverbal tactics on interviewer evaluation was minimized. With regard to the content of notes, this study found that when the interviewer took high extent of judgment-type notes during the interview, the effect of applicant nonverbal tactics was reduced and the effect of applicant other-focused tactics was enhanced. Moreover, when the interviewer took high extent of behavior-type notes, the influence of applicant other-focused tactics was strengthened. Practically, in order to reduce potential sources of error caused by applicant nonverbal tactics and enhance the quality of interviewer decisions, the note-taking behavior and judgment-type notes should be encouraged.