四技護生產科護理實習壓力與身心健康相關性之探討

Correlation between the Stress during Clinical Practice in Maternity Ward and Mental Health in Baccalaureate Nursing Students

本研究探討四技護生產科護理實習壓力與身心健康情形及其相關性。採橫斷式研究設計，立意取樣某技術學院104位四技護理系產科護理實習學生，研究工具為產科護理實習壓力量表、身心健康量表，Cronbach α為.87及.96。以SPSS/PC 13.0進行描述性、t-test、單因子變異數及Pearson相關性統計進行資料分析。研究結果：(1)四技護生對產科護理實習壓力感受，以「學生缺乏自信心」及「執行隱私護理技術壓力」平均數較高。以「產婦和家屬對護生態度」、「與護理人員互動關係的壓力」平均數較低。(2)四技護生產科護理實習身心健康狀況，以「嚴重憂鬱」、「社會功能障礙」、「生理功能」平均數較高。以「焦慮與失眠」平均數最低。(3)護生產科護理實習壓力中之隱私護理技術與身心健康總表及各構面有顯著正相關。產科護理實習壓力中之產婦和家屬對護生態度與身心健康總表有顯著負相關，其中與身心健康生理功能、嚴重憂鬱構面有顯著負相關。研究結果作為提供臨床指導教師協助護生緩解產科護理的實習壓力，建立護理的正確觀念，進而提供一個富有人性、支持性的實習環境及提昇護生身心健康之參考。

The purpose of this study was to explore stress encountered during clinical practice in maternity wards and the mental health of nursing students .The relationship between stress in practice and mental health was analyzed and the students’ backgrounds that might influence the practice stress and mental health were explored. One hundred and four nursing students were recruited into the study from undergraduate nursing students from a four-year bachelor’s program. The Stress in practice Scale and Mental Health Scale were used as research instruments. Data was analyzed using the t-test ANOVA and Pearson’ product-moment correlation. Results:(1) Nursing students scored their two highest stress concerns as lacking confidence in students and private nursing technology during maternity ward clinical practice; the two lowest stress scores were the interactions with the nursing staff and the attitude post-delivery women and families have towards nursing students during maternity practice. (2) Nursing students ranked these three mental health issues as the highest concerns: depression & affective disorder, social dysfunction, and somatic symptoms during maternity ward clinical practice; lowest scores for mental health were given to anxiety and insomnia during maternity ward clinical practice. (3) Private nursing technologies stress during maternity ward clinical practice and mental health had a positive correlation. The stress concerning the attitude post-delivery women and families have towards nursing students during maternity ward clinical practice and the mental health concerns of somatic symptoms and depression and affective disorder during maternity ward clinical practice had a negative correlation. The findings in this study can help clinical instructors to effectively address these stresses during maternity ward clinical practice, to apply crucial knowledge in order to create a caring and supportive learning environment, thereby having a role in improving nursing students’ health and well-being.