護生兒科實習之壓力源及壓力探討

The Exploration of the Stressor and Stress From Pediatric Clinical Practicum in Student Nurses

臺灣護理教育早已研究護生的實習壓力，但較少著限於特定科別之探討。本研究的目的在探討五專護生兒科實習之壓力程度、壓力源及兩者之相關性。73位已完成兒科實習的護生完成回溯性問卷。結果顯示護生的壓力程度平均值為2.11(SD=0.74)，偏向中等程度；主要壓力源為病童家屬介入照護的過程，而護生自評經歷其他壓力源中，作業排名第一。壓力程度與害怕傷害到病童(r=.38)、從治療過程中造成的傷害(r=.40)、害怕因受之前經驗的影響而造成錯誤(r=.24)、與病童溝通(r=.25)、與病童(r=.26)/護理人員(r=.30)/實習老師(r=.33)之負向互動關係呈正相關(p<.05)。此結果能做為臨床教師瞭解護生在兒科實習所面臨的壓力，進而提供一個富有人性及支持性的學習環境。Education to study nursing students' stress in clinical settings has long begwn in Taiwan. However, the stress of nursing students in the pediatric practicum is also under research. The purpose of this study was to assess the amount and sources of stress as well as their relationships among the students of 5-year associate-degree nursing program in pediatric clinical practice. Seventy three students who had clinical practice in pediatric settings completed the questionnaire. The results showed that the level of stress was moderate and the primary source of stress came from family members interfering with care. Assignments ranked highest among students who identified other sources of stress. Significant differences existed between level of stress and fear of harming child by making mistakes, harming the patients during care, previous experience effect, and having negative interaction with patients, staff nurses, and instructors. The results of this research could serve as a guideline for clinical instructors to understand the stress that nursing students were facing, and apply the crucial knowledge to create a caring and supportive learning environment.