腹內壓測量在重症病患的應用

The Application of Intra - Abdominal Pressure Measurement to Critically Ill Patients

腹內壓的測量是診斷腹部腔室症候群的重要方法。腹部內容物急速增加時，可導致腹部腔室症候群，若未能及時減壓，可能導致多重器官衰竭，甚至死亡。腹內壓的測量主要是藉由導尿管測量膀胱內的壓力，間接反應出腹內壓，以提供客觀的評估及處置的依據。在重症環境中只需簡單的設備，就能有效的監測腹內壓。本文介紹腹內壓測量的方法，以供重症護理人員臨床上之應用。Intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) measurements are of significant diagnostic value for critically ill patients at the risk of developing abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS). ACS may occur when the capacity of abdominal cavity expands rapidly. No pressure reduction made in time may lead to multiple organ system failure or even death. The pressure measurements, as a basis for objective evaluation and management, are mainly via a urinary catheter to obtain inner bladder pressure which indicates indirectly the intra-abdominal pressure. The critical care environment needs simply easy equipment which can efficiently monitor the pressure. The purpose of this paper is to introduce what the types of intra- abdominal pressure measurements are, and what the operating procedures for the pressure measurements are, so as to give critical care nurses clinical cases for clinical applications.