影響加護單位護理人員面對瀕死病患態度之因素探討

The Influential Factors Toward Caring Dying Patients of ICU Nurses

護理人員對死亡的態度，會直接影響其提供照護的品質。本研究旨在了解：1.加護單位護理人員面對瀕死病患之態度；2.影響加護單位護理人員面對瀕死病患態度之相關因素；3.加護單位護理人員在面對瀕死或死亡病患之需求與因應態度。研究採結構式問卷進行資料收集，內容包括基本資料、死亡恐懼量表、死亡態度問卷表及護理人員面對病患瀕死狀態之需求與因應態度問卷表，以SPSS套裝軟體進行描述性統計、單因子變異數分析、獨立樣本t檢定等統計分析。研究結果發現加護單位護理人員對「自己瀕死」的恐懼最高(27.86土7.95)、對「自己死亡」的恐懼最低(19.72土5.57)；死亡態度以「趨近性死亡接受」最高(30.92土5.22)、「逃避死亡」得分最低(13.08土3.63)；年齡等個人因素會影響護理人員之瀕死態度。本研究結果、期能做為訂定協助加護單位護理人員面對瀕死病患策略之參考依據。According to the statistics, there waas a 20% patients` mortality rate in the intensive care units, therefore the nurse staffs in ICU have more opportunities to care dying patients than other units. Nurses attitudes toward death will influence nursing quality directly. The objectives of this study were: (1) To describe the attitudes of ICU nurses toward dying patients` care. (2) To understand the influential factors for fear of death and the death attitudes of ICU nurses. (3) To understand the coping responses and needs while the nurses took care of the dying patients. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. All data were analyzed by using the SPSS 10.0 statistical package. Mean, SD, frequency, student t and one-way ANOVA were the statistical strategy to analyze the data. The results were summarized as follows: Most nurses’response to the domain of fear of death was “dying of self” and “death of self” was the lowest; The most response to the death attitude was “approach acceptance” and the lowest was “death avoidance”. There were several factors (ex. Age) that inflnenced the death attitude of nurses significantly. Nurses were looking forward to the opportunities to get more knowledge and skills about death and dying. The author of this article hopes the result of the study will be available in the ICU setting.