臺中市國民小學六年級學生經濟認知與消費行為之相關研究

Making a Study of Economic Cognition and Consumption Behavior of 6th Graders of Elementary School in Taichung

本研究旨在探討國小六年級學生經濟認知與消費行為之現況及其相關情形，並分析不同背景變項的國小學生其經濟認知與消費行為的差異情形，以作為推行國小經濟教育之參考。本研究以分層比例叢集抽樣方式，抽取台中市國小六年級學生834位學生進行問卷調查。問卷資料以描述性統計、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析、Pearson積差相關以及多元迴歸分析等統計方法加以分析。研究結果發現：一、國小六年級學生「整體經濟認知」的平均答對率為75％，而「個體經濟認知」、「總體經濟認知」、「其他經濟認知」各分層的答對率依次為78.04％、70.94％、77.05％。二、國小六年級學生有積極的消費行為。六年級學生重視各個「消費資訊蒐集」管道及各項「消費評估標準」，並經常去大型或中型連鎖賣場及便利商店、專賣店、雜貨店等「消費地點」。其「整體消費行為」與「消費資訊蒐集」、「消費評估標準」、「消費地點」三個分層的每題平均得分皆高於每題總分的平均數。三、不同性別、閱聽（讀）大眾傳播媒體時間、零用錢、家庭型態及家庭社經地位的學生在經濟認知上有差異。四、不同閱聽（讀）大眾傳播媒體時間、零用錢之學生在消費行為上有差異。五、國小六年級學生的經濟認知與消費行為有低度負相關。六、國小六年級學生「總體經濟認知」可以預測整體消費行為2.4％的變異量。本研究最後根據研究結果對教育單位以及家長提出幾點建議。This study aims to investigate the current situation and other circumstances related to the economic cognition and consumption behavior possessed by the 6th graders of elementary school, it is also for the purpose of making analysis of the differences in economic cognition and in consumption behavior arisen out of the students of elementary school who are in discrepant evaluation of their background, the result of doing so is for promoting referential economic education in elementary school. The way of stratified cluster sampling is adopted in this study, a questionnaire survey for 834 students of the 6th graders of elementary school in Taichung City was conducted. The data of questionnaire is analyzed by relying on the statistical methods of descriptive statistic, independent-samples t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson Correlation and multiple regression. The findings were as follows: 1. The average of correct answer to the whole economics cognition made by the 6th graders of elementary school was 75%, the correction average in stratification about micro-economics cognition, macro-economics cognition, and other economics cognition were 78.04％、70.94％、77.05％ respectively. 2. The 6th graders of elementary school have active consumption behavior, they pay much attention to each channel of collection of consumption information and individual consumption assessment criteria, and often go to the consumption place, like big or middle chain shopping mall, convenience stores, special stores, and grocery stores…et al.. The average grade attained to each question in three-stratification, the whole consumption behavior and collection of consumption information, consumption assessment criteria, and consumption place is higher than the average grade in each question of the total. 3. There are differences among the students in their economic cognition that are in the light of their gender, time for audio-reading mass medium, pocket money, family type, family's social position…et al.. 4. There are differences among the students in their consumption behaviors that are on the strength of different time for audio-reading mass medium, pocket money. 5. There is low negative relation to economics cognition and consumption behavior among the 6th graders of elementary school. 6. A 2.4% variance may be predicted in the whole economics cognition concerning the 6th graders of elementary school. This study is on basis of the findings to make some suggestions to the education authority and parents of student.