諮商歷程中當事人覺知關係辯證的第二序改變－－以焦點解決取向諮商對話為例

Clients' Second-order Change Aroused by Relationship Dialectics in Counseling Process: in Case Study of Solution-focused Brief Therapy

本研究旨在瞭解諮商歷程中當事人如何藉由關係辯證進而引發第二序思維及改變的產生。本研究以為心理師諮商語言乃是刺激當事人於諮商歷程中內在覺知訊息的主要來源；另外本研究根據第二序改變心理治療取向之觀點，視諮商關係乃是引發當事人第二序改變的重要基礎。因此本研究以心理師諮商語言做為瞭解當事人對諮商關係之內涵為探究對象，另外本研究針對當事人在諮商歷程中由諮商關係所引發之內在覺知訊息，乃於每次諮商後48小時內採人際歷程回憶訪談方法收集相關資料。本研究參與者包括焦點解決取向心理師一名，男女當事人各一名，皆為本研究招募而來。本研究發現當事人對諮商關係的正向體驗，有助於對問題困擾之後設理解的轉變，而此歷程乃是經由當事人對人際關係有所辯證而來，而關係辯證的結果具有第二序改變覺知內涵。最後研究者提出本研究限制與建議，以供未來相關研究與實務工作者參考。The purpose of this study was to explore how the clients' second-order change aroused by relationship dialectics in solution-focused brief therapy counseling process. According to the theory of second-order change, the clients would be active subjects and decide whether to accept or refuse counseling relationship. Besides, the second-order change would be the based on counseling relationship. The clients could experience the perception of second-order change aroused by the positive counseling relationship. Therefore, this study regarded counselor's language as the basis of understanding the clients' perception of counseling relationship and adopted Interpersonal Process Recall in depth interview given to two clients, one male and one female, after each session within 48 hours. The findings were that the positive counseling relationship benefited the change of meta-thinking about problem and therefore produced the second-order change by relationship dialectics. Finally, this study proposed concrete discussions and recommendations for the counseling practitioners and future research.