傷寒論之欲解時析辨

THE INVESTIGATION OF THE RELIEF TIME IN SHANG-HAN-LUN

中醫經典《傷寒論》記載疾病變化與治療方式，部分內容涉及時間醫學，其中「欲解時」條文記述六病之緩解或痊癒的時段；目前將「欲解時」應用於擇時服藥，於此時給藥以助該病之向癒。《傷寒論》成書距今一千八百多年，自北宋校定宋本至今亦九百多年，僅少數學者對「欲解時」條文內容提出懷疑。現今《傷寒論》主流版本為宋本；然而康平本因保留古代書寫格式，能分辨註解與後人追論，實為《傷寒論》之重要版本，故本研究以康平本對照宋本。康平本「欲解時」條文採低兩格書寫，屬後人追論，書中其餘「欲解」一詞亦為後人加入；條文之時間表示方式異於漢代慣用法，故此系列條文非出自張仲景。「欲解時」條文並非後代醫家長期觀察之經驗總結，而可能自《內經》推衍而得，不應以此條文預測臨床治療後之病癒時間。The classical literature of traditional Chinese medicine, “Shang-Han-Lun” (Treatise on Cold Disease), recorded the change of disease and the way of treatment. Some clauses in the book represented the concept of chronobiology, such as “the relief time” clauses, which indicated the time of syndrome relieving of the six diseases; the application of “the relief time” at present is to take medicine on the period to promote recovery. “Shang-Han-Lun” was written 1800 years ago, it has been more than 900 years since the book was revised as the Song edition by the North Song government, only a few savants have questioned the substance of these clauses. The main edition of “Shang-Han- Lun” at present is the Song edition; nevertheless, the Kang-Ping edition is an important one indeed, since annotations and clauses added by others in the later period could be differentiated for its ancient writing form. “The relief time” clauses were two characters lower than the text in Kang-Ping edition, clauses written in that form were added by others; moreover, the time representation in the clauses was different from the usage in Han-Dynasty, hence the clauses were not written by Zhang Zhong-Jing. “The relief time” clauses were not the conclusion from clinical long-term observation, but probably derived from “Nei-Jing”, hence to predict the recovery time by the clauses after treatment is improperly.