| 中文摘要 |
在臺灣菊科植物是開花植物中第三大科植物，僅次於蘭科和禾本科。根據臺灣植物誌第二版（Flora of Taiwan, 1998）記載在84屬植物中包含有221種及20個種下分類群。其中大約有51屬74種的植物被用於民間藥，並且有24屬29種的植物經化學成分研究。這些植物的化學成分非常多樣性與複雜性。已經被發現的化學成分有terpenes，flavonoids，coumarins，alkaloids，polyalkynes等。這些化合物中sesquiterpenes 及polyalkynes 通常是有物種特異性。在臺灣被使用作民間藥的菊科植物常被用於作清熱解毒劑、抗菌劑、消炎劑、降壓、活血化瘀、去痰、止咳、抗肝炎及抗腫瘤等。1990年之前大部分的研究單純集中於化學成分分析，之後配合活體外細胞株進行粗萃取物活性篩選，最近則進一步將活性成分分離並進行作用機制的研究。由於本科植物在民間藥常被使用。1996年之前在臺灣相關成分研究的回顧已發表，本篇係收載1996年~2005年之間臺灣地區對菊科植物的化學成分研究。Asteraceae is the third largest family (next to Orchidaceae and Poaceae) of flowering plants in Taiwan. Two hundred twenty-one species and 20 additional infraspecific taxa in 84 genera were recorded in the 2nd edition of Flora of Taiwan (1998). About 74 species in 51 genera have been used in folk medicine, and 30 species in 22 genera have been studied chemically. The diversity and complexity of the chemical constituents in these plants are enormous. Various natural products such as terpenes, flavonoids, coumarins, alkaloids, polyalkynes, etc. have been found. Among them, sesquiterpenes and polyalkynes are often species-specific. Folk medicine of Asteraceae used in Taiwan is claimed to have the properties of antipyretic, detoxication, antibacterial, antiphlogistic, hypotention, blood stasis removal, hemostasis, expectoration, cough-relieving, and most importantly, antihepatitis and antitumor. Prior to 1990, the majority of studies on Asteraceae in Taiwan focused on chemical analysis. In vitro studies using selected cells or cell line to screen the activities of crude extracts were the theme in the 1990s. More recently, pure compounds were isolated and studied in relation to their action mechanisms. Due to lots of plants of this family are commomly used as folk medicine. Review articles have already appeared on the natural product research in Taiwan before 1996. This present review deals with the plants of Asteraceae which have been investigated in Taiwan during 1996 to 2005. |
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