臺灣產油相屬植物之組織學研究

The Anatomical Studies of Phyllanthus Species in Taiwan

目前台灣大軾科油相屬（Phyllanthus）植物有14 種，這些物種的外部形態相似，在民間一般泛用說用狀況嚴重，通常稱為“珠仔草、日開夜間、珍珠草'。本研究將這14 種油相屬植物之乾嫖莖及黨控橫切及縱切後、製成切片，以顯微鏡觀察研究其內部構造。研究本屬乾爆莖頭示P. emblica 和P. myrtifoli間有非腺毛，本屬所有植物除了P. myrtifolius 和P. oligospermus於皮層均有韌皮纖維之紅色環。P. emblica 、P. debilis 、P. tenel/us 、P. virgatus 含簇金， P. urinariaL suQsp. urinaria 含單晶。Fourteen Phyllanthus species (Euphorbiaceae) in Taiwan, were often confused and difficult to distinguish. The comparative study on the internal characteristics of the stems and leaves of Phyllanthus genus native to Taiwan was under taken in order to assess anatomical variations of potential in species identification. The dried stems and leaves were free-hand sectioned in transverse and longitudinal directions for the microscopic study. The study on micromorphology of stems showed P emblica and P myrtifolius had nonglandular hairs. All Phyllanthus species have bast fiber cells in the cortex layer except P myrtifolius and P oligospermus. P emblica, P debilis, P tenellus, P. virgatus contained clustered crystals, while P urinaria L. subsp. urinaria contained single crystals. The study on histological anatomy of leaves showed that P myrtifolius, P embergeri, P hookeri, P urinaria L. subsp. nudicarpus, P urinaria L. subsp. urinaria, P ussuriensis and P. virgatus have non-glandular hairs. P acidus had clustered crystals and single crystals, whereas P emblica, P multiflorus and P tenellus have single crystals, and P myrtifolius, P oligospermus, P amarus, P debilis, P embergeri, P hookeri, P urinaria L. subsp. nudicarpus and P urinaria L. subsp. urinaria have clustered crystals. The differences among the morphology and histological anatomy of stems and leaves, can provide a useful method to identifY Phyllanthus genus in Taiwan.