由行政院衛生署中醫藥委員會研究計劃案探討臺灣中醫藥研究之現況與趨勢

A STUDY OF THE CURRENT STATUS AND TREND OF CHINESE MEDICINE AND PHARMACY IN TAIWAN BASED ON THE RESEARCH PROJECTS HELD BY COMMITTEE ON CHINESE MEDICINE AND PHARMACY, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EXECUTIVE YUEN

內容分析法在各領域之應用已相當成熟並廣為運用，且達到引領與掌握趨勢之效果；若能將內容分析法導入中醫藥領域，應極有價值。然而研究者搜尋所有台灣地區中、西醫學相關期刊或碩、博士畢業生論文，卻發現：以內容分析法分析中醫藥研究相關論文或整合其研究發展趨勢之相關論文均付諸闕如；因此，本研究即希望能開創以內容分析法，就中醫藥相關研究文獻進行量化分析之探討。本研究以「內容分析法」，就民國85 年至91 年行政院衛生署中醫藥委員會所出版之「中醫藥年報」（期刊），總計委辦研究計劃成果報告（論文）共361 篇進行調查分析。依「研究者背景」、「研究相關特徵」、「測量與資料收集」及「研究資料分析」四大向度加以分析，同時針對其中的量性研究，分析其研究變項累計情形，期能呈現近7 年來中醫藥委員會委辦研究計劃成果之現況與趨勢。研究結果顯示：（ 一） 就研究計劃主持人而言：所屬機構仍以大專院校（68.1 % ）居多，醫療機構（20.5 % ）居次，但90 年起由於政策強調成立中藥臨床試驗中心，研究經費分配分佈於醫療機構之比例亦隨之增加達35.6 % 。（ 二） 就研究種類而言：歷年總和以基礎研究（65.7 % ）佔多數，而85 至88 年間應用與政策性研究比例由22.4 % 增加至38.9 % ，推測與中醫藥委員會定位為扮演行政主管機關角色，以任務為導向，並與國科會多數補助基礎研究作區隔有關。（ 三） 就研究主題而言：以中藥藥理藥物學研究（37.4% ）、中醫藥資源與品管研究（25.5 % ）佔多數，各研究主題中，中醫護理研究計劃數量極少（0.3 % ）。研究計劃中，量性研究（67.3 % ）居多，且實驗研究設計為中醫藥研究計劃之主流（佔38.8 % ），質性研究（5.5 % ）最少。（ 四） 就研究樣本而言：若為自我報告之量表，則多為自擬問卷，且一半以上未見描述信度（55.9 % ）與效度（64.7 % ）。在所有量性研究的統計方法中，描述性與推論性統計的合併使用佔最多（67.5 % ）, 未使用統計方法只列出次數分布者最少僅4.4 % 。The method of content analysis has been applied in many disciplines. Such method is also valuable in Chinese medicine and pharmacy studies. The purpose of this study is to analyze the status and trend of Chinese medicine and pharmacy based on the research projects from the Committee on Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy (CCMP). This study used 361 research projects from the “Chinese Medical Yearbook” issued by CCMP as samples. In terms of content analysis, the four dimensions ‘background of project investigator’, ‘research feature’, ‘measurement and data collection’, and ‘data analysis’ were used in this study. The results of this study showed that (1) majority of project investigators are college graduates or higher (68.1 %), (2) basic research type has the largest proportion (65.7 %); and (3) with topic-related research projects, the study of Chinese medicine herb (37.4 %) and the resources and quality control of Chinese medicine (25 %) are dominants. In addition, most projects are quantitative research (67.3 %), with 38.8 % of these using experimental research design. Most investigators 55.9 % and 64.7 % respectively created questionnaires and used them in projects without reporting on their reliability and validity. The result of this study also found that at least 4.4 % of project investigators did not apply statistics in analyzing their data. More efforts could be made on the study of Chinese medicine, pharmaceutics, and even nursing in the future.