牛樟芝成分之研究

New Ergostane and Lanostane from Antrodia Camphorata

樟薄孔菌（Antrodia camphorata ）又名牛樟芝或樟芝，為台灣特有真菌，生長在台灣本土特有牛樟樹（Cinnamomum kanehirae ）上，民間傳頌牛樟芝具有藥食物中毒之解毒作用，亦可治療腹瀉、肚子痛，高血壓，皮膚癢，及肝癌等。經本次實驗研究，從牛樟芝子實體酒精抽取物分離出十四種成分，分別為3β,15α-dihydroxylanosta-7,9（11）,24-trien-21-oic acid 、antcin K 、dehydroeburicoic acid 、eburicoic acid 、methyl antcinate B 、methyl antcinate H 、zhankuic acid A 、zhankuic acid B 、dehydrosulphurenic acid 、sulphurenic acid 、15α-acetyl-dehydrosulphurenic acid 、versisponic acid D 、zhankuic acid C 、和2,2′,5,5′-tetramethoxy-3,4,3′,4′-bis（methlylenedioxy）-6,6′-dimethylbiphenyl 。其中四種成分3β,15α-dihydroxylanosta-7,9（11）,24-trien-21-oic acid （1） 、antcin K（2） 、sulphurenic acid 及versisponic acid D ，係首次從牛樟芝獲得，成分1 及2 兩種更是首次在天然物界發現。Fourteen compounds (one biphenyl, six ergostane, and seven lanostane derivatives) have been isolated from the fruiting body of Antrodia camphorata. They are 3β,15α-dihydroxylanosta- 7,9(11),24-trien-21-oic acid, antcin K, dehydroeburicoic acid, eburicoic acid, methyl antcinate B, methyl antcinate H, zhankuic acid A, zhankuic acid B, dehydrosulphurenic acid, sulphurenic acid, 15α-acetyl-dehydrosulphurenic acid, versisponic acid D, zhankuic acid C, and 2,2′,5,5′-tetramethoxy- 3,4,3′,4′-bis(methlylenedioxy)-6,6′-dimethylbiphenyl. Among them, two lanostane-type compounds－sulphurenic acid and versisponic acid D were not previously reported from this fungus. 3β,15α-Dihydroxylanosta-7,9(11),24-trien-21-oic acid and antcin K are first found from nature and their structures were determined by spectroscopic methods.