論可補救的排除規則

On Remedial Exclusionary Rule

中國證據排除規則宜稱為“可補救的排除規則”，補救與排除的對象包括瑕疵證據與非法證據。證據的補救方式包括補正、證據重作（重新取證）、補強或印證、合理解釋等。非法證據和瑕疵證據都具有補救可能性，但兩者在補救與排除的順序、補救的側重點以及難度方面存在較大差異。對於非法證據，應當貫徹先排除後補救的原則；對於有補救條件的，應當通過證據重作的方式補救其內容。對於瑕疵證據，則應當貫徹先補救後排除的原則，主要是採用補正、補強或印證、合理解釋等方式，使其具有形式上的完整性和合法性；對於不能補救的，也應當予以排除。China's exclusionary rule should be called remedial exclusionary rule, with defective evidence and illegal evidence as its object. The remedial method of illegal evidence includes correction of defective evidence, recollecting evidence, mutual verification or confirmation and reasonable explanation. There are possibilities of remedy for both illegal evidence and defective evidence, but there are significant differences in the priority of exclusion and remedy, the degree of difficulty, the remedial focus, etc. For illegal evidences, it should follow the principle that remedy comes after the exclusion. For those evidences which can be remedied, evidence recollection shall be employed. For defective evidences, it should follow the principle that remedy comes before exclusion with correction, verification or confirmation and reasonable explanation, which guarantees its integrity and legitimacy. Those cannot be remedied shall be excluded.