如何提升我國競爭力——由IMD及WEF國際競爭力指標探討

How to Enhance Taiwan's Competitiveness－ A Study on IMD and WEF Competitiveness Indices

在全球化及資訊化潮流下，國家之間的競爭日益激烈，各國也更加重視國家競爭力的提升。2010年我國在國際管理學院（IMD）及世界經濟論壇（WEF）國際競爭力評比上，都有優異的表現；惟經該二評比機構的國家體檢結果，我國仍有若干弱勢項目。若能針對此等弱勢項目進行檢討、改進，必有助於我國競爭力的提升。本研究首先分析近年IMD及WEF對我國競爭力之評比表現、探討二機構對我國評比之差異，彙整我國競爭力之弱勢項目，並針對該二機構的評比方式及我國弱勢項目，提出改進做法與政策建議，作為政府施政之參考。本研究認為有效提升國家競爭力的方法應是同時針對該二機構的評比方式及我國弱勢指標，同時進行技術面和政策面的改進。

The rising tide of globalization and the advancing development and utilization of information technology have intensified competition among countries, causing governments to attach increasing importance to national competitiveness. Although Taiwan performed very well in the 2010 competitiveness rankings issued by the Institute for Management Development (IMD) and the World Economic Forum (WEF), the investigations conducted by those organizations still revealed some weaknesses in Taiwan’s situation. If we can examine and improve those weaknesses, it should help us to make Taiwan more globally competitive. This study first analyzes Taiwan’s performance in the IMD and WEF competitiveness rankings in recent years, and examines the differences between the rankings given to Taiwan by those two organizations, to identify the weak points of Taiwan’s competitiveness. The study then presents suggestions on methods and policies for improving those weaknesses, as reference for government policy makers. It is found that, in order to effectively enhance national competitiveness, it is necessary to give scrutiny to the two organizations’ rating methods as well as Taiwan’s weak items in the indices, and to simultaneously carry out improvements on both the technical and policy sides.