傅統中藥製劑養清丸之抗炎作用

The Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Yang-Chin-Warn, a Traditional Chinese Herbal Preparation

養清丸(YCM)原處方為龍膽瀉肝湯，屬「除濕解熱」的傅統中藥處方製劑，治潦黃疸、水腫及慢性痛。每粒(300 mg)含有龍膽草9.5 mg，柴胡18.9 mg，澤瀉18.9 mg，車前子18.9 mg，木通31.5 mg，生地黃31.5 mg，當歸31.5 mg，梔子9.5 mg，黃芩18.9 mg，甘草9.5 mg，蜂蜜101.4 mg。由文獻知甘草、地黃、梔子、柴胡、當歸等具有抗炎作用之報導，雖然養清丸具治潦「肝經濕熱」的效能，但其毒理及一般藥理作用，並無文獻報導。針對上述缺失，本研究觀察養清丸對整體動物及在離體肝細胞之毒理及藥理作用，結果發現：一、鼷鼠之毒理實驗1．於最高口服被試劑量(25g/kg)於七天內，動物行為與對照粗無異，其一半致死劑量大於25g/kg。2．慢性長期給與養清丸（2.5 g/kg，每日一次，連續口服15天），對實驗動物之正常活動性、體重、器官重，及心、肺、肝、腎之水含量均無顯著的改燮。離體大白鼠肝細胞實驗養清丸(3.7~11.3mg/ml)並不具有抑制四氯化碳導致GPT及GOT分泌之作用。三、以Carragneenin及Freund's complete adjuvant導致大白鼠腳掌水腫實驗1．養清丸單一劑量（2.5 mg/kg，口服）並無抗炎作用。2．養清丸重覆給藥（2.5 mg/kg，口服，一日一次），連續給予三日，則具統計意羲的抑制Carrageenin導致之急性發炎，及Freund's complete adjuvant之慢性發炎。由上述之結果顯示，養清丸之急性毒性相當低，即使連連服用14天無任何顯著的亞毒性徽候，顯示其為安全範圍高的製劑。養清丸並不具保護由四氯化碳導致之急性肝炎作用。但重覆給藥則具有顯著之抑制急性及慢性發炎作用，可作為indomethacin或hydrocortisone類之替代品，但其中藥效之活性成份及抗炎機轉仍待研究。

Yang-Chin-Warn (YCW), or latent-heat-clearing pill, is a traditional Chinese herbal preparation to remove pathogenic ”heat” and ”wetness” for the treatment of jaundice, edema, and chronic pain. Toxicity study in mice showed that YCW at the maximal tested dosage (25 gm/kg, p.o.) exhibited no acute toxicity. Subacute pretreatment with recommended daily dosage of YCW (2.5gm/kg, p.o. daily for 15 days) caused no significant changes in the general behavior, body weight, organ weight, and water content of lung, heart, kidney, or liver in mice. Thus, it indicates that YCW is a preparation with abroad safety margin. In vitro, YCW (3.7-11.8 mg/ml) had no protective effects on carbon tetrachloride-induced release of GPT or GOT in suspended rat liver cells. The anti-inflammatory effect of YCW was evaluated with carrageenin-and Freund's complete adjuvant-induced edematous responses of hind-paw in rats. It was found that single dose (2.5 gm/kg, p.o.) of YCW had no significant anti-inflammatory effect, but consecutive pretreatment with the same dose for three days significantly inhibited the carrageenin-induced acute inflammation and Freund's complete adjuvant-induced subacute inflammation in rats. These results indicates that YCW has anti-inflammatory activities with low toxicities.