漢代邊防吏卒疾病試析－－以居延漢簡所見疑似壞血病及諸症狀為中心

Diseases of the Juyan Soldiers in the Han Dynasty:the Case of Scurvy

本文根據居延、河西地區出土漢簡，探討兩漢邊塞戍卒的疾病及相關問題。簡牘史料保留許多兩漢吏卒疾病的文字記錄，如頭痛、傷寒、傷汗、「病心腹」等，除此之外，更有多枚內容是有關胸脅、腹部、股髀部位的腫脹等特殊症狀的描述，值得一探。本文針對此類病症記錄，經由出土簡牘與傳世文獻的對照、分析以及推論，得到幾個初步看法：第一，漢代邊塞吏卒所患這類脅、腹、足、股接連部位腫脹的疾病特徵與近代醫學所指之壞血病（scurvy）極為近似。第二，壞血病乃人體缺乏維生素C 引起，而由簡牘記錄中所見駐軍飲食內容與蔬果供給條件的探討顯示，吏卒攝取足夠維生素C 的機會不高。第三，簡牘中這類疑似壞血病案例，就絕對數量而言並不算多，但從殘簡留存機率的角度看，反映此類病症對於邊防戰力存續的影響不應輕估。本研究或可對兩漢國力消長問題的思考給予若干新的啟發。

Secondly, using the newly discovered K'ang Yu-wei's notes and commentary at the text, we'll do a preliminary discussion of the relationship between Yen and K'ang with the Letters as the center. And that Yen and K'ang converged on values in his later years, emerged from the 'Chi fellow substandard' to a 'like-minded'. The key point of which is on Xiong Yu Yang and the Letters. They exchanged their ideas by this group of letters' writing. Xiong Yu Yang acted as an intermediary. Through writing of letters, Yen and K'ang were increasingly closer to each other in spirit. Letters became the medium and platforms for their exchange of ideas.