非結構式減災措施運用於空間規劃與管理之研究

Applying Non-Structural Mitigation Measures to Space Planning and Management

近年來天然災害所造成的損失與日俱增，並未因為採取結構式減災（Structural mitigation） 措施而有所降低。因此，許多學者主張以非結構式減災（non-structural mitigation） 措施來降低未來天然災害可能帶來的損失。本研究透過文獻回顧方式，將適合運用於台灣之非結構式減災措施，區分為「發展限制政策」、「私有土地徵收」、「資本門投資改善計畫」等七類18 項。進而以模糊分析階層程序法，評選出較適宜性之非結構式減災措施，包括災害潛勢地圖的製作與公佈、劃定災害潛勢地區為不易受災之土地使用、重要公共設施投資避免位於高災害潛勢區、及重大開發方案之脆弱度評估等，作為未來優先運用推行之政策，並提出運用於空間規劃與管理之策略。

The losses caused by natural disasters did not decrease through the implementation of structural mitigation measures. Thus, many scholars claimed the importance of non-structural mitigation ones. Through literature review, this study classifies non-structural mitigation measures into seven categories and 18 measures, and uses the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process method to prioritize these mitigation measures. The results show that policies on the production and release of hazard maps, on limitations on land use in disaster prone areas, and on the movement of critical infrastructure away from disaster-vulnerable areas should be the top three policies.