既有建築物室內增設視障引導系統之效益研究

A Research of the Effectiveness of Increasing Interior Guiding System in the Existing Building for People with Visual Impairments

目前國內的公共建築物普遍缺乏引導系統，對於視障者要走出住家及參與社會活動仍是嚴峻的挑戰，既有建築物的替代改善計畫並不意味著放棄環境設計的改善而僅採用他人來協助視障者行動。有鑑於經由各國之設計規範分析，發現應用於協助視障者通行之引導元素以浮凸標誌所建構之引導系統，其建置成本最低、對建築物的影響最小且最容易建置，因此適用於既有建築物的改善。三棟既有建築物在本研究被遴選以原型環境、改善後環境等二階段實驗，經由40 位視障者體驗以驗證引導系統之效益，並比較原型環境和改善後環境之差異以及檢視空間構成複雜程度不同之場所對於引導系統效益之影響。研究發現：（一）置入標示設施（含方向標示、空間標示）所建構之引導系統對盲者、弱視者之尋路正確率均有極大的幫助。（二）置入引導系統後，弱視者完成全程之行走時間減少；唯盲者行走時間增加，環境越複雜、規模越大者所耗費的時間也越多。（三）環境置入引導系統後和置入前相比，視障者受到空間構成複雜程度之影響較小；其中，空間構成之複雜程度對弱視者較無影響，然而盲者因空間構成越複雜、規模越大者會減低尋路正確率及增加尋路的時間。

At present, for in lack of guiding system in the public building in Taiwan, it still is strict challenge for people with visual impairments leaving home and participating social activities. It did not mean the assistance of mobility for people with visual impairments by the other people instead of the improvement of environmental design would be the replace improvement planning in the existing building. Through the analysis of designing criteria of guiding system from USA, European countries and Japan, we found that tactile sign (braille sign) was recognized as low cost, small influence and easily invest would be the proper system for the improvement of existing building. Three selected buildings were physically improved by intervention and processed two experiments, including origin environment and improved environment, by forty people with visual impairments to testify the effectiveness of guiding system. Comparison of origin environment with improved environment and the influence of complex degree of space organization on the effectiveness of guiding system were processed. The finding of this research showed that constructing guiding system by tactile sign (braille sign) greatly assisted blind people and people with low vision. People with low vision spent less time to complete whole route, but blind people spent more time, especially, more complex environment and larger scale environment would need more time to complete route. It had less influence of complex degree of space organization both on blind people and on people with low vision in terms of accurate ratio of wayfinding after constructing guiding system by tactile sign. Obviously, people with low vision were not influenced by complex degree of space organization, nevertheless, blind people decreased accurate ratio of wayfinding and spent more time of wayfinding when space organization became more complex and larger scale environment.