臺灣太陽能設計用標準日射量之研究

The Study on the Typical Radiation for Solar Architecture Design of Taiwan

本研究根據太陽能光電實例調查發現，發電效率不如預期。有鑑於此，本研究針對日射量與相關氣象實測資料作分析，以統計方法求出可信賴的各測候站的日射量數據，藉以瞭解台灣氣候特徵（Climatic Characteristics ）。同時為了建築界在環境計畫上使用數據的便利性，特將這些日射量數據標示於臺灣地圖上，並繪製成分布圖，冀能提供我國發展整合型太陽能建築（BuildingIntegrated Photovoltaic, BIPV ）之參考依據。本研究將台灣26 個測候站劃為六個區域，以進行日射量特徵之探討。本研究發現北部及東北部地區之月平均日射量以夏季較具發電潛力，可能有利於為了紓解夏季尖峰負載而設計的太陽能系統。中部及南部地區之月平均變化趨勢較為平緩，可能有利於著重設計全年發電負載的太陽能系統。高海拔地區呈現日射量高且月平均變動不大的特徵。外島地區的金門，其日射量約與高雄相當，極具太陽能發電潛力。最後，在年平均日射量數據與國外文獻比較，發現台灣年平均日射量約為日本及德國的67 及56% 。

Based on the full scale data of PV system, evidences show that the efficiency of generating solar electricity is not as good as expected. Therefore, this research takes islandwide solar radiation data from Central Weather Bureau (CWB) as proof to analyze the Climatic Characteristics of Taiwan. By analyzing the relationship between solar radiation amount and related climate data, this research is able to calculate reliable solar radiation data of each weather station by statistic methods. At the same time, in order to enhance a better use of the statistics for architects, we labeled these radiation data on a Taiwan map, and made it a map of radiation distribution. These results are hopeful to provide scientific references for the development program of Building Integrated Photovoltaic, BIPV in Taiwan. The research divides the total 26 weather stations of Taiwan into 6 areas. By this, we are able to figure out the characteristics of solar radiation in different areas. The research concludes some interesting results. According to the average solar radiation amount, northern and northeastern areas are of great potential in generating solar electricity in summer. The outcome may be useful to design a solar energy system which can ease the pressure of summertime peak load of electricity. In addition, central and southern areas have smoother slopes of variation throughout the year, which means designing a year-round solar electricity system for these regions is possible. The areas of high altitude show a typical characteristic of high radiation and small monthly variation in the whole year. Kinmen, an islet area out of Taiwan, has a high solar radiation amount as much as Kaohsiung, which demonstrates a great potential of solar electricity power. Finally, comparing annual average solar radiation data of Taiwan with other countries, it shows that the solar radiation in Taiwan is about 67 and 56% of the amount in Japan and Germany, respectively.