節能玻璃設計方法之建立

The Establishment for Energy Saving Glass Design Methodology

玻璃之透光度與美觀性已被廣泛應用於現代建築中。然而玻璃本身的隔熱性能較一般RC 建築差，使得採用玻璃之建築物在建築物空調耗能上佔總耗能相當大的比例。因此，玻璃建築物之建築外殼耗能指標ENVLOAD 計算上玻璃隔熱性能有著相當重要的影響力。本文之研究目的在於建立節能玻璃之設計方法，針對建築師或相關設計者提供精確可行之標準作業流程。本文首先收集CNS 、ISO 、DIN 以及JIS 等國之標準進行比較分析，接著依據上述標準建立兩階段之節能玻璃設計方法。第一階段為單層玻璃（含隔熱膜）之光學與熱學性質量測，第二階段為採用美國國家實驗室開發之WINDOW 程式做為節能玻璃最佳化參數之設計。本研究以內政部建築研究所性能實驗中心之「日光輻射熱取得率量測系統」，量測各式單層玻璃之光學性質，並與LBNL（Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory） 實驗室之量測結果比對。研究結果顯示本研究所採用量測儀器之量測結果與LBNL 之結果相符。本研究並進一步驗證以單層玻璃量測技術量測膠合玻璃光學性質是可行的。最後本研究將上述單層玻璃量測數據匯入成WINDOW 程式之資料庫，探討玻璃厚度、中間空氣層厚度對複層玻璃U 值與SC 值之影響。模擬結果顯示，玻璃厚度增加將同時降低複層玻璃之U 值與SC 值。在中間空氣層厚度方面，吾人發現空氣層厚度對SC 值幾無改變，但對U 值有一定的影響性。

The glass has been widely used in modern buildings due to its illumination and esthetics. However, the insulation performance of glass is worse than that of RC building, so that the thermal and optical properties of glass have a significant effect on the calculation of ENVLOAD. The purpose of this paper is to develop the methodology for energy saving glass design, in order to provide a reliable design tool for architect. In this paper, the comparison of CNS, ISO, DIN and JIS standards is performed firstly. Meanwhile, the two-staged design procedure was established. The fire-stage is to measure optical and thermal properties of single glazing, WINDOW program developed by LBNL was conducted to solve the optimal parameters for energy saving glass consequently. The authors measured the solar characteristics of various glasses by using the instruments in Architecture & Building Research Institute, and then the measured results were compared with LBNL measured data. The experimental results show that the measured data conducted in this paper are similar to the results performed in LBNL. On the other hand, it is feasible to measure the optical properties of laminated glass by using single glazing measuring procedure. Finally, an interesting finding is that the glass thickness has a significant effect on U and SC value.