社會環境的變遷對國樂發展影響初探

Probe into the Changes in the Social Environment and its Influence on the Development of Chinese music

目前探討現代國樂發展議題上，大多以在音樂歷史的演變、樂器的改革、作品的分析、樂團的定位與發展及國樂交響化等議題。在這多元文化社會，現代國樂發展所面臨的挑戰，已超越了音樂本身可以解釋的範疇，又因這些議題涵蓋社會上不同的階層與結構，我們得必須跳脫傳統音樂理論架構，徹底的省思與探討。本文試圖以社會學、經濟社會學及文化社會學等理論架構，來探討社會變遷對現代國樂影響的幾個議題。綜觀社會文化的多樣性，各項文化藝術發展既快速又廣泛，也凸顯現代國樂在傳統與現代的價值觀上，產生另一種對立與矛盾。而種社會刺激與挑戰，在多元社會快速發展之下，現代國樂是否能符合大部分人的需求與滿足，以及文化的價值觀也需與社會重新磨合。因此，現代國樂發展不能只單純追求音樂技術上的突破，必須從我們所處的社會環境、結構等去釐清與各層面相互關係，也深盼在各種學科領域探討，讓現代國樂有更全面與帄衡的發展。

Nowadays, issues of exploring the development of modern Chinese music are mostly confined to the fields of transition of music history, evolvement on musical instruments, analysis of works, positioning and development of the Chinese symphonies, and symphonic Chinese music. In this multi-cultural society, nevertheless, the challenges that face Chinese music are far beyond what the music itself can explain. These issues cover a variety of social classes and structures; therefore, we have to make a thorough introspection and discussion instead of limiting ourselves to the framework of traditional music theory. In this article, I attempt to explore the influences on modern Chinese music that social changes bring about in terms of theoretical frameworks of sociology, economic sociology and cultural sociology. The diversity of social culture makes culture and arts grow fast and widely, and accordingly, new tensions and conflicts arise between the values of traditional and modern Chinese music. Faced with social stimuli and challenges, and also under the rapid development of a pluralistic society, modern Chinese music has to satisfy the needs of most people, and cultural values also has to build new relations with the society. We should not merely feel satisfied by pursuing the breakthrough in music techniques, but we also have to clarify the inter-relationship with the social environment and structure. We sincerely hope that modern Chinese music has a more comprehensive and balanced development through the discussion among various academic fields.