歐洲現代教堂建築在臺灣：以Justus Dahinden的公東高工為例

European Modern Church Architecture in Taiwan: A Unique Perspective of Justus Dahinden's Design for Kung-Tung Technical Senior High School

剖析公東高工聖堂實有如觀視歐洲現代教堂建築發展之縮影。1960年建於臺東的這所聖堂不但是臺灣境內教堂建築中的一個特例，同時也是著名瑞士籍建築師Justus Dahinden（1925-）實踐其個人建築理論的開端。Dahinden至今被公認為歐洲戰後現代建築新興發展中頗具代表性的建築師，他的建築作品廣佈歐亞非大陸、獲獎無數、個人著述豐富、身兼多重建築協會委員、並長期任教大學，在歐洲建築史上的影響可謂深遠。因此，本文將首次把公東高工聖堂的探究建基於Dahinden的作品比較與建築理論上，聚焦探討教堂外觀造形、內部空間與教堂建築功能之間的互動關係、整體視覺效果與空間經驗的營造與目的、建築整體與宗教器物或裝飾藝術在傳達信仰內涵及象徵意義上所扮演的角色等。上述重點的分析將可以呈現1945年以後的歐洲現代教堂建築與傳統之間的承傳與突破，以及建築造形如何受到宗教禮儀改革運動以及第二次梵蒂岡會議的影響。除此以外，本文也將釐清Dahinden當時在設計與理論上所受到的啟發與影響，並臺灣的公東高工聖堂在其創作發展上的意義。

The Kung-Tung Technical Senior High School chapel, built during the 1960s in Taitung (Taiwan), is unique among Taiwanese sacred buildings, intricately reflects the development of modern European architecture and Catholicism, and represents the vision of the well known post war Swiss architect Justus Dahinden. In addition to analyzing the correlation between Kung-Tung Senior High School chapel and Dahinden's architecture theory, this study explores the insights by, for the first time, integrating the interior space and decoration with visual effect, liturgical concepts and religious symbolical meanings, development of contemporary European modern church architecture as well as the modern liturgical movement. This enables the understanding of impacts and breakthrough of European architectural legacy since 1945. The abovementioned investigation also builds the foundation to identify the significance of this chapel along with the imbedded inspirations in Dahinden's design, and to present the insights on its artistic cultural implications.