自我發展與利他服務價值觀的融合：華人工作價值的變遷與發展

The Integration of Self-Development and Altruistic Values: The Change and Development of Taiwanese Work Values

台灣地區過去十餘年間在政治、社會結構與經濟體系上有極大的轉變，對傳統華人以關係取向建構的自我概念與相關價值造成衝擊；本文企圖從個別工作者的訪談中分析台灣華人工作價值的變遷過程。研究者訪問了八位同時重視自我成長與服務群體價值的工作者，根據受訪者的工作價值發展與融合的歷程，將他們分為下列二種類型，雖然他們都同時重視自我成長與利他社會服務，二者在價值融合的動機與機制上並不相同：(1)經由服務社群以發展自我能力與價值達成自我實現者；(2)經由服務社群以建構獨立自主自我的工作者。研究者進一步指出社會經濟結構變化帶來的富裕、貧富差距、社會運動與非政府組織的興起、傳統哲學思想與西方自我實現概念的引入，是使工作者能夠融合自我發展與服務社群的工作價值觀念的重要因素。

The study was intended to depict the work end-value development process of workers who integrate individual-oriented self-development values and relationship-oriented altruistic values. Researchers inter- viewed 3 male and 5 female part time or full time worker for non-profit organizations. Age of interviewees ranged from 30 to 57 at time of interview. Results suggested that the structural change of social and economic context, the rise of social movements and NGOs, the introduction of western self-actualization theory and concepts, and traditional Chinese philosophical beliefs contribute to the integration of self-development and altruistic values. Interviewees were categorized into 2 subtypes based on their value formation process. Four interviewees regarded altruistic social services as the fulfillment of their innate abilities and inherited values. The other four self-verified and reconstructed their self identities by assisting disadvantaged minorities with whom they had fused identities.