兩岸都會區年輕工作者的工作與家庭價值對其婚姻與育兒意願的影響

Filial Obligation and Anxiety of Adult Children: The Effect of Satisfaction with Parent-Child Relationship

本研究探討成年子女的孝道責任與焦慮，瞭解親子關係滿意度是否會影響到孝道責任與焦慮間的關係。研究對象為台北縣、台北市及桃園縣（市）400位30歲至40歲間，父母至少一方仍健在之已婚成年子女。研究結果發現：子女的孝道責任愈高，孝道情感焦慮也愈高，但孝道能力焦慮卻會降低。在女性樣本方面，親子關係滿意度在孝道責任與焦慮之間，具有調節的作用。也就是說，在孝道責任高之情形下，親子關係滿意度高，更會降低成年女性的孝道能力焦慮。此外，本研究也發現以下群體間差異：(1)女性在孝道情感焦慮上，高於男性；(2)與父母同住之成年子女，孝道責任較高；(3)父母之經濟資源較差者，子女的孝道能力焦慮較高；(4)手足數量與父母之健康狀況對於子女的孝道責任和焦慮並無影響。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the filial obligation and anxiety of adult children and the moderating effects of satisfaction with parents-child relationship between filial obligation and anxiety. The method to carry out this study was using a purposive sampling of questionnaire survey and the participants were expected to respond anonymously who lived in Taiwan. Four hundred married adults age 30 to 40 with at least one parent still alive participated in the study. They live in the northern part of Taiwan and were recruited through purposive sampling. Several 5-point Likert type scales used in previous research were adapted in this study. Results indicated that adult children who feel a high degree of filial obligation have less anxiety over their ability to meet their obligations, but they have more anxiety over their aging parent's well-being. Satisfaction with the parent-child relationship corresponded to decreased anxiety over ability to meet filial obligations. The number of siblings as well as the parents' health status has no significant effect on the feeling of filial obligation or anxiety. There were some differences between the men and women: Women had more filial anxiety over their aging parent's well-being than men, those living with a parent had a stronger sense of filial obligation than those who did not live with a parent, those whose parents lack financial resources had greater anxiety over their own ability to meet their filial obligations.