國小輔導人員生命意義感、生涯自我效能與職業倦怠關係及關係及其中介效果之研究

The Relationship among Life of Meaning, Career Self-Efficacy, and Burnout of Elementary School Counselors: Examining Mediating Effects

本研究旨在探討國小輔導人員生命意義感、生涯自我效能與職業倦怠的現況、差異及其關係，並進一步探究生涯自我效能在生命意義感與職業倦怠之中介效果。本研究經叢集取樣，調查臺灣地區臺中市、彰化縣、南投縣352位國小輔導人員後發現：國小輔導人員具有中上程度的生命意義感，在五點量尺計分的整體平均得分為4.10，各分量表之平均數則介於4.00至4.19之間。在生涯自我效能上，各題平均分數為3.44，三個分量表的平均數分別為3.09、3.64及3.62。在職業倦怠部分，各題平均得分為2.14。各分量表之平均數則介於1.98至2.32之間。不同專業背景的國小輔導人員不論在生命意義感、生涯自我效能或是職業倦怠上均有顯著差異，且不同服務年資者其職業倦怠程度亦具有顯著差異。此外，本研究進一步發現，生命意義感、生涯自我效能與職業倦怠，三者間具顯著相關。而修正後之路徑模式，則顯示國小輔導人員之生命意義感、生涯自我效能對職業倦怠有直接效果之影響；生命意義感亦透過生涯自我效能對職業倦怠有部分中介效果之影響。本研究根據研究結果討論並對輔導實務應用及後續研究提出相關建議。

The purposes of the current study were to (a)investigate the differences and the relationship among life of meaning, career self-efficacy and burnout of elementary school counselors, and (b) examine the effects of mediator on career self-efficacy between life of meaning and burnout. The sample consisted of 352 elementary school counselors and which were sampled from Taichung city, Changhua county, and Nantou county in Taiwan. The obtained data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, ANOVA, Pearson's product-moment correlation, and structural equation model. The main findings were as follows:(a) The elementary school counselors felt satisfied, delighted and meaningful to their own lives; (b) The elementary school counselors felt certain of works with difficulty, but they still had good career self-efficacy; (c) The job burnout of elementary school counselors was not serious; (d) There were significant differences in rating life of meaning, career self-efficacy and job burnout among different counselors' training backgrounds and differences of job burnout between counselors' work years; (e) There were significant correlations among life of meaning, career self-efficacy and job burnout; (f) In modification indices of path model, there were direct effects on life of meaning and career self-efficacy to job burnout. Career self-efficacy partially mediated the association between life of meaning and job burnout. Finally, based on findings, suggestions for subsequent research and implications on administrative departments and school counselors were presented.