1929年至1934年間臺灣總督府臺南高等工業學校的校園規劃與建設

The Campus Planning and Building of Tainan Technical College in Taiwan from 1929 to 1934

1931年成立的臺灣總督府臺南高等工業學校（以下簡稱臺南高等工業學校）是日治時期臺灣唯一一所高等工業學校，基於其歷史價值，其中的四棟校舍已由臺南市指定為市定古蹟。透過歷年相關研究，雖已針對創校階段設校原委、聘任教師背景、課程概況等歷史有一定程度的回顧與詮釋，但對於創校初期校園配置上之討論仍然有限，尚無法釐清一座高等工業學校之校園配置與建築特色。一方面，由臺灣總督府公文檔案中可見到1930年2月第三次修訂版的〈臺南高等工業學校新營工事配置圖〉大圖，該圖面上所見校園配置，與1934年完成的校園配置相較，可得知1931年之後出現的校園建築，與1930年2月的校園計劃已有部分落差，但目前尚無較多研究討論此段校園建設經過修正之過程。本研究因此整理1929年至1934年間臺南高等工業學校創校階段校舍興建歷程及其他史料，從而理解1931年配置變更之原因，同時比對同時代日本高等工業學校配置圖，藉以解析創校初期臺南高等工業學校校園建築與配置特色。研究發現，臺南高等工業學校是當時代日本同級學校校地面積最大者，學生因此擁有最多的體育活動空間。各科自成一格的雙合院型校舍亦是臺南高等工業學校配置上之特色，該配置於1930年配置圖上已大致成形，藉以提供學生較舒適的學習環境。1931年度總督府預算緊縮，則是影響變更校區配置最主要因素，但即便如此，因預算規模縮小建築規模者，侷限於本館、講堂等建築，另取消體育館興建計畫；完成後的各科館教學、實驗設施之佔地面積卻較1930年配置計劃更大，相對反應建校當時當局所強調之重點。

Founded in 1931, 'Tainan Technical College, Formosa' (TTC) was the only technical college in Taiwan during Japanese period. Based on its historical value, four of the College buildings have been listed by Tainan City Government as historical buildings. For the past decade, studies on the history of TTC were mainly focused on the College's founding background, the faculty members, and the teaching programs. However, not much study is seen on the College's building history and its distinct characteristics.After cross-referencing with the 1934 completed campus plan, February 1930 blueprint, and the plan modifications recorded in the 1931 historical documents, it is found that not much explanation has been made to address the reasons behind the modifications made. Hence, the study begins by first reviewing the historical materials (such as newspaper report, etc.) to obtain a general picture of the TTC campus. Next, identifications of characteristics particular to the TTC campus were made by comparing the TTC campus plan with other technical college plans in Japan.Results shown that TTC was the biggest campus site among all the other technical colleges in Japan, hence the students in TTC enjoyed the largest exercise and recreation space during that period. Also, the TTC Department buildings were found to be built differently when compared with the other Japanese technical colleges. A unique twin courtyard layout was used instead as it was believed that it could provide a better conducive interior environment for students studying in tropical areas of Taiwan.Another observation was the reduction of government budget in 1931 that led to the subsequent modification of the Campus plan. After comparing the February 1930 blueprint and the 1934 completed campus plan, it was found that the Gymnasium was cancelled, and the Administration and Auditorium buildings were reduced in scale. However, the building scales of department buildings, such as laboratories and workshops, etc. were made bigger than the initial 1930 plan. Thus implying the Authority placed more emphasis on engineering and technological sciences during that period.