清領時期臺南城市空間結構復原之研究（1875~1895）－－以數位化之1920年代〈臺南市地籍圖〉為建構基礎

A Reconstruction of Tainan City’s Spatial Context under Qing Dynasty’s Rule with Particular Reference to the Digitalized Tainan City’s Cadastral Maps of the 1920s

臺南城市歷經近三百年的變遷，堆疊了不同時期的空間紋理。自荷據、明鄭時期初步奠基，清領時期城牆興築與市街發展，隨後因地理與政經情勢變化而由繁華興盛轉趨沒落消逝。在此情況下，地圖往往成為重建歷史空間的重要依據。事實上，首次以現代化測量技術繪製的〈臺灣府城街道全圖〉直到1875年才完成。隨後，日治時期更精確的地圖，特別是1920年代地籍圖等陸續出現，成為研究臺南城市空間的重要依據。不過各時期繪製之地圖仍有尺寸上之誤差，統合不易，成為研究上的侷限。因此，1920年代臺南市地籍圖的數位化將有助於使其成為更準確可依循的空間資料。基於此，本研究以前述之數位化地籍圖為參照基礎，進行：一、歷時性空間變遷考察，以數位化之1920年地籍圖為底圖，進行前空間復原工作，並對照1875年的〈臺灣府城街道全圖〉，使其趨近1875年－1895年的空間；二、共時性空間結構分析，透過地籍圖土地使用確認城市的城牆、城門、街道、水道等位置並統計分析土地使用狀態，以復原1875至1895年間臺南的城市空間結構。

After nearly three hundred years of transformation, Tainan City has stacked together the urban contexts of different time periods. From the preliminary foundation in the period of Dutch occupation and Koxinga Zheng Chenggong's govemance to the city walls construction followed by the Main Street and Five-Canal District in Qing Dynasty, the decline of bustling activities was due to changes in geography and political/economic situation. Therefore, the reconstruction of historical space must rely on the 'map'. Completed in 1875, the first map, entitled 'Taiwan Prefecture Street Map', was drawn with modem measurement technology. More accurate maps, especially the cadastral maps made in the 1920s during the Japanese colonial period, subsequently appeared and became the important bases for the study of Tainan City. However, maps drawn in different periods still have errors in size, which are not easy to integrate and hence a research limitation. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out digitization work of Tainan City Cadastral Maps made in the 1920s in order to make it accurate and reliable.Based on this, this study will initially refer to the aforementioned digitalized cadastral maps of 1920s: 1. the survey of historical space change based on the digitalized map, compared with other maps and literature prior and after that period to show the historical changes in urban space; 2. analysis of synchronic spatial structure through the land use of cadastral maps to further confirm the city's walls, gates, streets, canals and other spatial structure.