市區人行道視障引導設施之成效研究－－臺北市現有人行道為例

A Research on the Effectiveness of Guiding Facilities in the Urban Pedestrian for People with Visual Impairments by the Case of Taipei City

目前國內都市戶外空間普遍缺乏有效的視障引導，如何在環境設計上讓視障者有機會運用引導設施而能獨立自主地走出家門，經由人行道通往各公共場所參與社會活動，將是國內推動視障者權益保障的必要課題。本研究目的在針對國內市區人行道現有視障引導設施進行測試，了解其引導成效及提出各類具有效益之引導設施，以作為未來建構引導系統之參考。本研究經由視障團體80 位受過定向行動訓練之視障者中遴選出10 位具有定向行動經驗之視障者參與測試，以及由台北市42 處既有人行道依引導設施、引導功能等條件遴選出6 處人行道為測試場所。測試方法係比較視障者自由行走和使用引導設施行走之行走時間差異與統計完成全程之成功率，以探討現有引導設施之有效性。研究發現：（一）松高路中油大樓、大安森林公園、鄭州路、環河路等人行道之引導設施有助視障者通行之引導，（二）現有人行道所運用之側面引導設施包含花台、路緣石、座椅、牆面或管理維護設施（如消防栓、變電箱等結合為牆面形式者） 均是有效之引導設施，（三）地面引導設施所運用之粗糙地磚、石材、洗石子、草地、泥土、木地板等材料，呈現地面自然材料和人工鋪面材料可形成識別性，而人工鋪面材料相互間也可形成識別性，均是有效之地面引導設施。

At present, outdoor spaces generally lack of effective guiding facilities for visually impaired people in the urban area of Taiwan, How to use environmental design to make people with visual impairments have chance to leave home independently and to reach public places through the guiding route of pedestrian for participating social activities, it will be very important issue for implementing the protection of blind people’s right. The purpose of this research focus on the testing of the effectiveness in guiding facilities for people with visual impairments in the existing pedestrians of Taiwan urban area, and offer a variety of effective guiding facilities for the reference of guiding construction. Ten visually impaired persons selected from eighty persons who having the training of mobility and orientation and six places selected from forty-two existing pedestrians according to the facilities and function became testing samples in this research. The methods were to compare the differences between travel time of free walking and travel time of walking following guiding facilities and to calculate the ratio of the completion in travel route in order to study the effectiveness in the existing guiding facilities. The finding showed that the pedestrian near Chinese oil company, Da-an Forest Park, Zhengzhou road and Huanhe road were effective guiding facilities for travel. The second, guiding facilities applied on the side of existing pedestrians, including flower bed, curb, chair, wall and maintenance facility, were effective. The third, guiding facilities applied on the floor of existing pedestrians, including rude tile, stone, washing finish of stucco, grass, soil and wood paving, showed that natural floor material was contrast to artificial floor pavement, and artificial floor pavement could be contrast to each other, as well.