建築居室火災實驗與結構行為分析研究

Experimental and Analytical Studies on the Fire-Structure Behavior in a Compartment of Building

本文旨在探討當建築居室發生火災時，單一居室內氣場溫度與結構表面溫度之實驗結果與分析模式驗證，並擴展至單層多間之火災-結構耦合行為研究。火災數值模擬部分係以FDS 軟體進行分析並與本研究進行之居室火災實驗結果相互比對驗證，於居室內不同位置加以預測60 分鐘內之火場溫度分布及鋼梁受熱表面溫度成長歷時，經分別對氣場溫度與結構表面溫度，其實驗值與預測值之發展趨勢相似，足證文中所建立分析模式之準確性。對於進一步建構之單層多跨建築居室分析模型，係應用FDS 計算求得該構架受熱邊界表面溫度作為輸入參數，供ABAQUS 有限軟體進行構架內之熱傳與結構行為分析，對於不同火源位置與居室通風因子對整體構架應力分布之影響於文中亦有所分析討論。

The purpose of this study discussed the experimental results of the gas phase and structural surface temperatures in a compartment fire of building. The simulation model had been checked by the experiment data and extended to simulate the behavior of single level and multi-rooms in fire. Numerical predictions produced by the FDS fire field model were compared with experimental data from the arrangement of our own test. The development of the gas phase temperatures in a compartment fire and the surface temperatures on beams had been predicted and compared to the test result over a 60 min period. The simulation model was found to be able to reproduce the overall qualitative test results. The accuracy approved the model. For further discussion, the argument of WALL_TEMPERATURE in FDS was adopted to determine the thermal boundary of structural elements in the single level and multi- rooms. And the transient thermal and structural analysis in Finite Element Model （ ABAQUS） was performed by adopting the above temperature profiles from FDS. The differences of fire ignition places and opening size of the compartment have been considered to discuss how they effect the stress development in the whole frame.